• Recite essential features regarding the review of existing patient records.
• List methods and mechanisms regarding the patient examination.
• Compare and contrast the signs and symptoms of various conditions that have presented to a doctor of chiropractic with emphasis on differential diagnosis.
• Itemize methods and techniques regarding proper patient examination performance.
• Describe the anatomy of the cervical spinal cord and course of the exiting cervical nerves.
• List signs and symptoms of a patient with myelopathy.
• Describe the anatomy of the exiting lumbar nerve roots and femoral nerve.
• List signs and symptoms of a patient with an L4 radiculopathy.

• Describe in detail the anatomy of the carpal tunnel and anatomical course of the median nerve.
• List muscles in the hand innervated by the median nerve.
• Draw the sensory distribution of the median nerve in the hand and discuss points which differentiate median nerve compression at the wrist, from other points of median nerve compression and nerve root compression.
• List important aspects of the clinical examination for carpal tunnel syndrome, as well as multiple methods of conservative treatment.
•  Demonstrate the sensory exam and Tinel’s Sign portions of the clinical evaluation for carpal tunnel syndrome.

• Recite essential features regarding the review of existing patient records.
• List methods and mechanisms regarding the patient examination.
• Compare and contrast the signs and symptoms of various conditions that have presented to a doctor of chiropractic with emphasis on differential diagnosis.
• Itemize methods and techniques regarding proper patient examination performance.
• List signs and symptoms of a patient with post traumatic neuro-musculoskeletal injuries as well as traumatic brain injury.
• List signs and symptoms of a patient with post-surgical severance of cranial nerve 11. 
• List complaints of a patient who sued a chiropractor for causing a stroke.
• Explain the neurocircuitry behind why right sided visual images are perceived in the opposite hemisphere.
• Explain the neurocircuitry behind why a crossed sensory deficit occurs with brainstem level lesions.

• Recite essential features regarding the review of existing patient records.
• List methods and mechanisms regarding the patient examination.
• Compare and contrast the signs and symptoms of various conditions involving sensory changes that have presented to a doctor of chiropractic with emphasis on differential diagnosis.
• Itemize methods and techniques regarding proper patient examination performance.
• Describe the anatomical course of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve and its involvement in a sensory disorder.
• List signs and symptoms of a patient with Meralgia Paresthetica.
• Compare and contrast the signs and symptoms of various headache conditions that have presented to a doctor of chiropractic with emphasis on differential diagnosis.
• List signs and symptoms of a patient with cluster headache syndrome.

• Contrast and compare the physical neurological examination with the physical examination of other body systems.
• Perform a neurological examination in a logical, physical sequence from sitting to standing, supine and prone.
• Describe and perform “Waddell’s Tests and six other special tests described in the literature to detect complaints without a physical basis.
• Itemize pitfalls and critically review special tests described in the literature to detect complaints without a physical basis.

• List the major divisions and sub components of the neurological examination.
• Contrast and compare the effects of neurological lesions on the neurological examination of the central nervous system versus the peripheral nervous system.
• Recite the implications of neurological examination findings on disorders involving various components of the central and peripheral nervous system.
• Draw the anatomy of the lower motor neuron in its relation to the spinal cord, nerve root, spinal nerve, and the neuromyal junction.
• Describe components of the so called “SAID” principle of strength training and its relation to neural and muscular adaptation.
• List the five primary roles of functional skeletal muscle tissue.
• Describe and perform aspects of the neurological examination of the Motor Systems of the patient.
• Recite findings related to neurological “drift” performed during the neurological examination.
• Compare and contrast the findings of percussion myoedema with those of percussion myotonia.
• Discuss the significance of neural shock and detail expected associated neurological examination findings.
• Describe and perform aspects of the neurological examination of the Sensory Systems of the patient.
• List, contrast and compare the neurological signs associated with “release phenomenon” and “deficit phenomena”.
• Illustrate components of the muscle stretch reflex including the role of the Alpha motor neuron, Gama motor neuron, and large sensory fibers in relation to the muscle fibers and spinal cord.
• Describe and perform aspects of the neurological examination of the Reflex Systems of the patient.
• Draw the neurologic pathways associated with the eye light reflexes.  Include reference to cells of the retina, the optic nerve, the optic chiasm, the optic tract, the Pretectal nucleus, and the Edinger Westphal nucleus.
• Itemize and discuss categories of neurological involuntary movements.
• Perform and discuss three versions of the extensor plantar response (extensor toe sign, Babinski sign).
• Discuss the common shorthand used for grading muscle stretch reflex responses and discuss the results of the neurological examination associated with each grade.

• Locate cortical areas responsible for language and describe the relationship between the areas and describe pathways of cortical information processing.
• Define the term “hemisphericity” in relation to hemisphere dominance and itemize various methods to determine hemisphere dominance for functions such as language, handedness, hearing, vision, etc.
• Describe results of “split brain” experiments regarding cortical processing of faces and items in regard to distribution of visual information and speech.
• Draw the relationships between the reception and expression categories in The Schema of Monrad Crone to illustrate the “inputs and outputs” of human interaction.
• Identify the cortical pathways involved from hearing and understanding to formulating speech and speaking, and discuss the relevance of pathway location to other cortical systems.
• Define common terms associated with cortical disorders including aphasia, agraphia and apraxia.

• Define the terms somatoform disorder, hysteria, malingering, organic and non organic disease.
• Contrast and compare organic and non organic disease.
• Contrast and compare somatoform disorder and malingering.
• Identify the most common symptoms described by patients suffering from Somatoform disorder, and develop a strategy to what degree the symptoms may have a somatoform component. 

• Identify the areas of proper placement of the stethoscope bell in order to auscultate various arteries and other vascular structures available in the head and neck.
• Perform palpation of the thyroid gland.
• Perform an examination of the cranial nerves.
• Evaluate the head and neck for signs of nervous system trauma.
• Draw out the visual pathways from retina to striate cortex of the occipital lobe.
• Associate patterns of visual field losses with various portions of optic pathway disease.
• List retinal areas to evaluate and associated parameters during the fundoscopic examination.
• Correlate disorders of eye position and movement with peripheral cranial nerve disease, internuclear ophthalmoplegia and gaze palsy’s.
• List current vertebrobasilar risk assessment options as well as the value and limitations of each.
• Outline the position of the Association of Chiropractic Colleges (ACC) in regard to vertebrobasilar ischemia (VBI) provocative testing in the chiropractic office.
• Identify suggested effects of elevated homocystine levels above 7.2 umol/L.
• Perform procedures recommended by the author to evaluate candidates for manipulative therapy.
• Summarize implications of neurological findings for lesions involving the cranial nerves or their central connections.

• Describe areas of concern in the history taking process
• List areas of concern in the mental status examination
• Identify and perform methods for eliciting a patient history
• Identify and perform methods for examining the patient’s mental status

• Correctly assess the level of the lesion in case scenario questions.
• Identify the components of the neurological examination.
• Demonstrate a basic examination flow from sitting to standing, to the supine and prone positions.
• Outline "Ferezy's MSR's" which is a pneumonic devise to help recall areas needing to be tested.
• Summarize implications of neurological findings for lesions in various parts of the central nervous system.
• Summarize implications of neurological findings for lesions in various parts of the peripheral nervous system.

• Discuss ethical standards of insurance reporting and coding
• Define the Problem Oriented Medical Record (POMR)
• Describe the P.A.R.T. format of documentation
• Define the P of P.A.R.T. from Centers for Medicare/Medicaid Services
• Define the A of P.A.R.T. from Centers for Medicare/Medicaid Services
• Demonstrate the POMR and the P and A of P.A.R.T. formats for the initial patient encounter
• Describe the concept of outcome assessments in clinical practice
• Distinguish between subjective and objective outcome assessments Illustrate methods of proving medical necessity
• Develop a strategy to justify treatment
• Define the R of P.A.R.T. from Centers for Medicare/Medicaid Services
• Illustrate the different methods of evaluating spinal range of motion
• Define the T of P.A.R.T. from Centers for Medicare/Medicaid Services
• Describe the timing of the first re-exam
• Demonstrate proper coding for range of motion measurements
• Illustrate different outcome assessments for the T of P.A.R.T
• Demonstrate the POMR and P.A.R.T. formats for the initial patient encounter
• Integrate the POMR and P.A.R.T. formats for subsequent patient encounters
• Define proper Assessments
• Illustrate the two types of Plan
• Demonstrate proper documentation for timed codes
• Define the short, moderate and long term diagnoses for Medicare
• Illustrate the legal definition of medical necessity
• Describe the red flags of a record review
• Demonstrate the determination of causation for a motor vehicle collision
• Discuss the different mechanisms of injury for motor vehicle collisions
• Demonstrate the key value drivers of Colossus
• Discuss the difference between impairment and disability
• Illustrate the determination of the end of justifiable treatment
• Define the main components of an impairment evaluation
• Illustrate Duties Under Duress and Loss of Enjoyment
• Illustrate the important diagnoses for personal injury cases
• Define the 5 Colossus prognoses
• Demonstrate the 5 grades of injury severity for the Croft Guidelines for the Treatment of CAD Injuries
• Illustrate the Croft Treatment Guidelines
• Discuss the complicating factors for the Croft Guidelines
• Define the critical points for documentation of personal injury cases
• Discuss the concepts that personal injury attorneys look for in our documentation
• Illustrate the differences between subjective and objective testimony
• Discuss the appropriate order of visits for functional exams

• Maintain proper records of neurological examination in the SOAP format
• Write narrative reports reflecting the neurological examination
• Apply an outline of fundamental procedures in performing a complete chiropractic neurological examination

• Define professional ethics and morals
• Sensitize the DC to issues related to common ethical dilemma in chiropractic practice
• Discuss specific ethical considerations in situations and scenarios related to patients, former patients and society

• This allows you to purchase all 29 hours of 214 level courses. Please see the educational objectives listed for each individual 214 module

• Review the categorizations for the specialty of radiology and its related subspecialties
• Compare and contrast typical analog x-ray suites with Computed Radiography (CR) and Digital radiology (DR) detection systems
• Review and describe equipment, concepts and various types of CT Scanning
• Review and describe equipment, concepts and various types of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI/MRA), and angiography
• Discuss newer technologies for assessing neurological tissue function, including SPECT,  PET and fMRI scanning
• Review and describe equipment, concepts and various types of diagnostic ultrasoundography
• Identify and define other techniques of diagnostic imaging

• This allows you to purchase all 5 hours of 213 level courses. Please see the educational objectives listed for each individual 213 module

• Recall the structural anatomy of the internal eye.
• Define various functions of components of the internal eye.
• List local disorders affecting the internal eye.
• Describe techniques of examination of the internal eye such illumination, observation, and special tests and their relevant clinical findings associated with local internal eye disease.
• Identify and perform methods for examining the internal eye for uveal tract disease, cataracts, and vitreous disease.
• Identify and describe pathological changes conditions associated with disease of the uveal tract disease, cataracts, and vitreous humor.

• Recall the structural anatomy of the external eye.
• Define various functions of components of the external eye.
• List local disorders affecting the external eye.
• Differentiate local conditions of the external eye with cranial nerve II, III, IV, V, VI and VII.
• Describe techniques of examination of the internal eye such illumination, observation, and special tests and their relevant clinical findings associated with local external eye disease.
• Recognize the appearance of common eyelid conditions such as chalazion, internal and external hordeolum, blepharitis, blepharospasm, dacrocystitis, and a wide variety of others.
• Identify and perform methods for examining the external eye for conjunctivitis, episceritis and others.
• Perform the technique of removing a foreign body from the external eye.
• Identify and describe pathological changes associated with disease of the cornea.

• Recall the location of the organs in the abdomen.
• Define various regions of the abdomen.
• Describe techniques of examination including observation, palpation, percussion and special tests and their relevant clinical findings associated with abdominal disease.
• Recognize signs and symptoms of abdominal visceral disease including differentiation of symptoms by hollow versus solid viscera.
• Identify somatic locations of pain associated with abdominal visceral disease.
• Describe changes in stool and vomitus associated with various pathological conditions.

• Compare and contrast use of PRP injections for joints versus tendons.
• Itemize criticisms of Stem Cell injections and discuss the current state of the science.
• Contrast characterized and uncharacterized Stem Cell therapies.
• List the relative indications for hip replacement.
• List common hip injuries that may require surgical referral, and discuss the surgical procedure most likely to be employed.
• List Indications for knee replacement.
• Describe progression from normal knee to a knee with severe osteoarthritis.
• Compare and contrast the indications and procedures for a partial knee replacement and a total knee replacement.
• List the benefits of robotic joint replacement surgery.
• List the rational for surgical referral for surgical treatment and possible joint replacement.
• List common knee injuries that may require surgical referral, and discuss the surgical procedure most likely to be employed.
• Compare and contrast shoulder replacement and reverse shoulder replacement, emphasizing the relative indications for each.
• List common shoulder injuries that may require surgical referral, and discuss the surgical procedure most likely to be employed.
• List common elbow injuries that may require surgical referral, and discuss the surgical procedure most likely to be employed.
• List common hand and wrist injuries that may require surgical referral, and discuss the surgical procedure most likely to be employed.

• List common signs and symptoms of Perinephric Abscess.
• List common signs and symptoms of Adenocarcinoma of the Esophagus.
• List common signs and symptoms of Methanphetimine use and Complications.
• List common signs and symptoms of Cavernous Hemangioma.
• List common signs and symptoms of Cardiomyopathy.
• Discuss use of Zoll Lifevest.
• List common signs and symptoms of Quinolone toxicity.

• Relate relatively common but sometimes challenging patient cases including myocardial infarction, alcoholic hepatitis, A-V malformation and misdiagnosed limb paralysis.
• Explain diagnostic and therapeutic considerations in myocardial infarction, alcoholic hepatitis, A-V malformation and misdiagnosed limb paralysis.
• Give examples of diagnostic and therapeutic considerations in myocardial infarction, alcoholic hepatitis, A-V malformation and misdiagnosed limb paralysis.
• Describe diagnostic and therapeutic considerations in myocardial infarction, alcoholic hepatitis, A-V malformation and misdiagnosed limb paralysis.

• Relate relatively common but sometimes challenging patient cases including vitamin B12 deficiency, metabolic conditions, drug toxicity, neuropathy, lymphoma and drug diversion.
• Explain diagnostic and therapeutic considerations in vitamin B12 deficiency, neuropathy, drug toxicity, neuropathy, lymphoma and drug diversion.
• Give examples of diagnostic and therapeutic considerations in vitamin B12 deficiency, neuropathy, drug toxicity, neuropathy, lymphoma and drug diversion.
• Describe diagnostic and therapeutic considerations in vitamin B12 deficiency, neuropathy, drug toxicity, neuropathy, lymphoma and drug diversion.
• Demonstrate diagnostic and therapeutic considerations in vitamin B12 deficiency, neuropathy, drug toxicity, neuropathy, lymphoma and drug diversion.

• Outline relatively common but sometimes challenging patient cases.
• Comprehend diagnostic and therapeutic considerations in multiple pathological conditions.
• Demonstrate knowledge of laboratory tests for alcoholic cirrhosis.
• Recite abnormal blood pressure parameters in malignant hypertension.

• Relate relatively common but sometimes challenging patient cases
• Explain diagnostic and therapeutic considerations in thyroid disease
• Give examples of diagnostic and therapeutic considerations in drug toxicity
• Describe diagnostic and therapeutic considerations in diabetic neuropathy
• Demonstrate diagnostic and therapeutic considerations in vitamin deficiency

• Recall normal chest ratios and differentiate from abnormal chest ratios.
• Compare and contrast clinical findings associated with various breathing abnormalities.
• Recognize the location of the cardiac auscultation points and distinguish which structures are best heard at each point.
• Identify pain producing structures in the thorax.
• Describe the physics of sound transmission.
• Define and discuss physical signs in selected abnormalities of the bronchi and lungs.

• Identify the surface anatomy of the 5 lobes of the lungs.
• Identify anatomical landmarks related to the lung lobes.
• Identify, define and discuss normal and abnormal breath sounds.
• Briefly describe methods of stethoscope use and placement.
• Define and discuss methods used to analyze breaths during auscultation.

• Identify the anatomical components of the thyroid gland.
• Identify the anatomical components and drainage areas of the lymphatic vascular system.
• Identify, define and discuss commonly presenting disorders of the thyroid gland and lymphatic vascular system.
• Briefly describe methods of medical and conservative treatment for select thyroid and lymphatic illnesses.
• Define and discuss landmarks of the human thorax and their implication in the clinical examination.

• Identify the anatomical components of the peripheral arterial system.
• Identify the anatomical components of the peripheral venous system.
• Identify, define and discuss commonly presenting disorders of the vascular system.
• Briefly describe methods of medical and conservative treatment for select vascular illnesses.
• Compare and contrast clinical findings in arterial versus venous disease involving the lower extremity.

• This allows you to purchase all 19 hours of 212 level courses. Please see the educational objectives listed for each individual 212 module

• Evaluate a case of an adult female patient who presents with facial spasms and other complaints including facial weakness, slurred speech, and drooling.
• Differentiate central causes of facial spasm from central causes of facial spasm.
• Consider the effect of chiropractic adjustments on intracranial arterial function.
• Develop improved skills in obtaining an accurate case history and performing a neurological examination of patient’s presenting with facial spasms.
• Improve interpretation of relevant clinical findings of patients presenting with facial spasms.
• List the differential diagnoses to consider in a patient presenting with facial spasms.
• Identify portions of the brainstem, origins of the cranial nerves and the relationship between arteries and cranial nerves at the brainstem.

• Describe the anatomical structures involved and the overall significance of the Dix-Hallpike Maneuver.
• Perform the Dix-Hallpike Maneuver.
• Describe the anatomical structures involved and the overall significance of the Epley Maneuver.
• Perform the Epley Maneuver.
• Compare and contrast the use of the Dix Hallpike and the Roll Test.
• Discuss in detail the proper use of various vestibular function tests (past pointing, veering, balance, gait, etc.), Swivel Chair Test, Swinging Stool Test, Semont Procedure and the Brandt-Daroff exercises.
• Perform vestibular function tests (past pointing, veering, balance, gait, etc.), Swivel Chair Test, Swinging Stool Test, Semont Procedure and the Brandt-Daroff exercises.

• Describe the incidence and prevalence of dizziness as a complaint.
• Define the term vertigo from a clinical perspective.
• Identify anatomical components and describe physiological function of the vestibular system.
• Perform a brief bedside examination for basic evaluation of the dizzy patient.
• Categorize varieties of conditions causing dizziness and identify which are likely to be amenable to conservative care.
• Compare and contrast the function of the utricle, saccule and semicircular canals.

• Define vertigo and differentiate vertigo in the "dizzy" patient population
• Identify disorders that cause dizziness and vertigo.
• Discuss modes of presentation, providers consulted and other aspects.
• Differentiate primary and secondary dizziness.
• Understand aspects of serious and other uncommon causes of dizziness.
• Describe basic anatomy and physiologic function of components of the vestibular system.
• Demonstrate and comprehend performance of the Dix-Hallpike and Eply Maneuvers.
• Define and diagnose Benign Positional Paroxysmal Vertigo (BPPV).
• Perform a bedside examination for evaluation of the dizzy patient.

• Explore current role of the art and science of obtaining a relevant patient history at the bedside
• Discuss and demonstrate relevant neurological examination procedures required to examine and diagnose pathological conditions of the nervous system
• Outline considerations regarding the relationship of the upper cervical spine and headache
• Summarize characteristics of several clinical headache syndromes, emphasizing recognition and differential diagnosis of pathological conditions
• Illustrate levels of the central and peripheral nervous system and relate that to the clinical presentation resulting from disease of the various brain and cord areas
• Outline and organize various categories for headache

• Perform a clinical assessment of pain and function
• Explain the psychophysiological profile of pain patients
• Discuss the treatment of pain
• Define spinal decompression therapy
• Demonstrate decompression table structure and use
• Describe the relevant anatomy of the lumbar spine
• Critically examine published reports of clinical outcomes of decompression therapy
• Present and discuss clinical outcomes of decompression therapy
• Determine spinal decompression table treatment protocols
• Define dizziness
• Define vertigo and other associated symptoms
• Discuss cervicogenic dysequilibrium
• Discuss diagnostic tests to determine the cause of vertigo
• Explore current understanding of pain concepts, physiology and theories behind neuropathic pain
• Discuss in detail the relevant neurological anatomy and functional neurology
• Describe the anatomy and physiology of relevant components of human nervous system as it relates to pain receptors and neural integration
• Describe the anatomy and physiology of relevant components of human nervous system as it relates to neural plasticity, articular neurology, and mechanisms of pain
• Explore current understanding of pain concepts, physiology and theories behind neuropathic pain and allodynia
• Discuss the importance of the neurological implications of a nerve injury
• Describe mechanisms of neural plasticity
• Describe the anatomy and physiology of relevant components of human nervous system as it relates to neural plasticity, articular neurology, and mechanisms of pain
• Analyze current literature regarding spinal adjustments, and break down concepts, physiology and theories behind chiropractic treatment
• Appraise new and existing ideas related to mechanisms involved whereby chiropractic spinal adjustments might effect the vascular and nervous system
• Describe the anatomy and physiology of relevant components of human nervous system as it relates to chiropractic adjustments, neural plasticity, articular neurology, and mechanisms of pain
• Explore current understanding of pain physiology and theories behind neuropathic pain, allodynia and proposed treatment using chiropractic adjustments

• This allows you to purchase all 23 hours of 211 level courses. Please see the educational objectives listed for each individual 211 module

• Explain how and why documentation of a subluxation is so important for Medicare patients in chiropractic practice.
• Compare and contrast the Medicare reimbursement of chiropractic providers vs. Medical and other providers for similar services.
• Describe payments made to chiropractors, calculate the actual dollars per visit and explain what portion of payments made are considered inappropriate as medically unnecessary according to a report issued by the Department Of Health And Human Services (HHS).
• Compare and contrast non-provider services, such as drugs and durable medical devices with costs associated with chiropractic care.
• Define requirements for chiropractic services to be covered by Medicare.
• List and discuss how a subluxation may be properly documented in the medical record for Medicare patients.
• Evaluate your understanding of subluxation compared to other chiropractic providers. 
• List the various types of subluxation which may be demonstrated on xray and are acceptable to Medicare.
• List the components of the physical examination which are required by Medicare to be demonstrated in order to verify the existence of a subluxation.
• Identify the specific requirements accepted by Medicare for the initial and subsequent visits of the chiropractic patient.

• Evaluate the subluxation complex and the chiropractic adjustment.
• Develop a working knowledge of the neurology of spinal joints and how this may be altered by a spinal subluxation complex.
• Consider the safety and effectiveness of chiropractic adjustments through a review of the scientific literature and understanding of a decline in literature integrity and literature bias.
• Consider the scientific literature regarding chiropractic adjustments and a measurable decrease in pain.
• List and identify the components of the synovial joint and spinal joint mechanoreceptors.
• Consider activities in and around the nervous system that occur after nerve tissue injury.
• Distinguish different levels of nervous system involvement in neuropathic pain, including the peripheral neuron, the dorsal root ganglia and the dorsal horn neurons, as well as concepts of descending inhibition.
• Analyze the goals and effects of the chiropractic adjustment on pain.
• Examine the scientific literature regarding the physiological effects of a subluxation and adjustment upon non-musculoskeletal systems.

• This allows you to purchase all 8 hours of 210 level courses. Please see the educational objectives listed for each individual 210 module

• Compare and contrast chiropractors of the 1940s with modern day chiropractors.
• Define neuropathy.
• Recite the major points related to chiropractic physical rehabilitation of neuropathy.
• Contrast and compare medical treatment of polio in the 1940s, to chiropractic treatment of polio at the same time.
• List potential reasons related to public hygiene which may account for disease epidemics.
• Discuss facts related to "Sister Kenny" in regard to her credentials, her claims, and her notoriety.
• Itemize the early chiropractic colleges and discuss Willard Carver school of thought and the "mixers".
• Critically evaluate the world health organization's campaign to eradicate polio.
• Discuss the ethics of herd immunity.
• Compare and contrast individual interests vs. societal interests.
• Discuss the types, risks and benefits of the inactive polio virus (injected).
• Discuss the risks and benefits of the oral polio virus (live, attenuated).
• List the types of wild polio virus.
• Define vaccine associated paralytic polio mile items (VAPP)
• Define circulating vaccine derived polio virus.
• Discuss the concepts of risk: benefit ratio.
• Discuss the transmission and pathophysiology and list the presenting signs and symptoms of a polio virus infection.
• List the different types of Polio virus infection.
• Quantify the various affects of the polio virus on different groups of individuals.
• Itemize ethical concerns regarding Dr. Jonas Salk.
• Graph the incidence of polio cases after other vaccines were introduced and after the definition of a polio diagnosis was altered.
• Discuss SV40 tainted vaccines.
• Define acute flaccid paralysis as it relates to new “non-polio” outbreaks.

• Outline topography and discuss internal anatomy of the cortex.
• Illustrate and list functions of the various lobes of the brain.
• Identify and describe anterior and posterior intracranial circulatory patterns.
• Relate cortical anatomy with electrode placement when eliciting somatosensory evoked potentials.
• Identify irrigation distribution of all major intracranial arteries.
• Diagram irrigation to the levels of the spinal cord.
• Describe intracranial venous drainage of the skull and differentiate between dural sinuses, boney sinuses and cerebral veins.
• List areas of the cortex responsible for vision, hearing and touch and explain their interaction with the association cortex.
• Give examples traits and characteristics which are associated with hemisphere dominance.
• Define and differentiate the agnosias, such as apraxia, aphagia, etc.
• Define constructional apraxia, and discuss the clinical significance.
• Quantify the incidence of various types of neurovascular disease.
• Contrast and compare strokes from a vascular anatomical and etiology viewpoint.
• List and discuss choices for various forms of imaging based upon suspected stroke etiology.
• Identify treatable, untreatable and possible risks for cerebrovascular accident. 
• Identify medical and conservative options for treatment of cerebrovascular accident risk factors.

• Recite the types of Thoracic Outlet Syndromes and identify which types are “real” and which are disputed.
• Demonstrate different clinical maneuvers designed to identify Thoracic Outlet Syndromes.
• Identify the anatomical structures thought to be responsible for entrapment in the various Thoracic Outlet Syndromes.
• Discuss the significance of the nine fibrous bands discussed by Roos.
• Describe the anatomical and physiological changes that are thought to occur post-accident, resulting in a traumatic variety of Thoracic Outlet Syndrome. 
• Differentiate the compressive causes of upper extremity paresthesia using orthopedic and neurological testing.
• Contrast and compare the resultant clinical profile expected with upper extremity compression of vascular structures versus compression of neural structures.
• Define and perform orthopedic and neurological tests used to determine upper extremity compression of neurovascular structures.

• Review items included in the State and American Chiropractic Association "Principles of Chiropractic Ethics".
• Define and distinguish between principles of philosophy, ethics and morality. 
• Explore the concept of "The Greater Good".
• Differentiate general concepts of what is right and wrong, from personal decisions of what is right and wrong.
• Define the term "Fiduciary Responsibility".
• Give examples of "Ethical Dilemmas" that might face a doctor of chiropractic and provide discussion of alternative thoughts.
• Discuss issues of “boundary crossings & violations” in regard to chiropractic practice.

• Recite the incidence and prevalence of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome.
• Discuss the cost of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome on society.
• Identify disorders and situations that Carpal Tunnel Syndrome.
• Describe the common symptoms of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome.
• Define the anatomical boarders of the Carpal Tunnel Syndrome.
• Differentiate the methods of Carpal Tunnel Release Surgery.
• Describe the scientific literature comparing different methods of Carpal Tunnel Release Surgery.

• Define and discuss professional boundaries
• Define and discuss sexual misconduct
• Sensitize the D.C. To Issues Relating to Sexual Interaction with The Patient
• Discuss the problem of sexual misconduct, either real or perceived
• Define and discuss specific examination procedures
• Provide methods for recording examinations and incidents
• Discuss case of alleged sexual misconduct
• Discuss strategies to avoid misunderstandings that may lead to charges of sexual misconduct

• This allows you to purchase all 15 hours of 209 level courses. Please see the educational objectives listed for each individual 209 module

Hour 1

• Describe the most common laboratory procedures used to diagnose infections of the central nervous system, including lumbar puncture indications, contraindications and complications.
• Recite characteristics and components of normal cerebrospinal fluid.

Hour 2

• Define the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and how it affects the nervous system.
• Discuss Lyme disease, its vectors of transmission, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, clinical diagnosis and therapeutic options.
• Compare and contrast stage I, stage II and stage III Lyme disease.

Hour 3

• Identify multiple types of infections capable of producing spinal meningitis and encephalitis.
• Compare and contrast bacterial meningitis from viral meningitis.
• Discuss serious nervous system toxins such as tetanus and botulism.

Hour 4

• Discuss other nervous system infections including brucellosis, psittacosis, syphilis, tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, rickettsial, protozoan, viral and fungal infections of the nervous system.
• Recognize and act appropriately in cases of suspected Reye syndrome.
• Recite and perform appropriate universal precautions necessary to avoid the transmission of communicable diseases in the chiropractic practice.

• Define Neurodegeneration.
• Identify some of the core mechanisms of Neurodegeneration.
• Define and discuss oxidative stress and damage of neurons.
• List most common neurological illnesses thought to be due to long-term Neurodegeneration.
• Cite specific biochemical pathways to target therapeutically to slow down or reverse Neurodegeneration.
• Itemize common clinical findings in Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer's disease, and multiple sclerosis.
• List the mechanisms involved in the neurodegenerative process.
• Define free radicals, articulate the issue with free radicals and describe their role in the neurodegenerative process.
• Discuss the role of glial cells in regard to Neurodegeneration.
• Itemize ways to increase the Nrf2 pathway.
• Discuss glutathione and list specific methods to increase glutathione levels.
• List dangers found in regard to genetically modified foods.
• Compare and contrast normal mitochondrial structure and function with dysfunctional mitochondria with attention to free radical damage to my no conjugal proteins and mitochondrial DNA.
• Discuss the therapeutic role of essential fatty acids (EFA's), Acetyl-L-Carnitine, and coenzyme Q-10.
• List and discuss methods for laboratory evaluation of systemic inflammation.
• Itemize issues associated with the "leaky gut" syndrome, including aspects of inflammation, relation to diabetes, and Zonulin.

Hour 1

• Discuss the etiology of congenital conditions of the brain and spinal cord.
• Recite statistics regarding incidence and prevalence of neural tube defects.

Hour 2

• Describe common forms and categories of neural tube defects.
• Recognize various forms of neural tube defects at birth, in infant life as well as on advanced imaging studies.

Hour 3

• Identify defects of the cranial cervical junction including categorizing Chiari Malformation and discuss clinical significance and management of patients with Chiari Malformation I, II and III.
• Utilize plain film radiometrics to identify multiple forms of cranial cervical junction deformities.

Hour 4

• Discuss various congenital syndromes including Dandy-Walker Syndrome and Mobius Syndrome.
• Compare and contrast different types of developmental defects such as hydrocephalus, crainiosynostosis, achondroplasia, microcrania, and others.

Hour 1

• Recite statistics regarding the percentage of primary versus secondary tumors found in the central nervous system.
• Recognize the signs and symptoms of a patient with an intracranial or spinal canal tumor.

Hour 2

• Describe the pathophysiological process associated with neoplasia.
• Discuss the most common types of primary intracranial tumors, metastatic neoplasms and other spinal cancers.

Hour 3

• Identify advanced imaging studies of various types of nervous system tumors.
• Describe mechanisms of cerebrospinal fluid flow in their association with symptoms caused by intracranial tumors.

Hour 4

• Contrast and compare the signs and symptoms associated with tumors arising in various parts of the spinal cord.
• Discuss various forms of medical treatment for patients with nervous system tumors.

Hour 1

• Recite general information regarding incidents and prevalence of multiple sclerosis in the United States, the United Kingdom and Canada.
• Describe the pathophysiological process believed to be responsible for the most common types of multiple sclerosis.

Hour 2

• Recognize the common signs and symptoms of a patient presenting with demyelinating disease.
• Recognize typical lesions in the brain and spinal cord associated with multiple sclerosis on MRI studies.
• Define the McDonald criteria for the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis.

Hour 3

• Identify various blood tests for diseases that may mimic multiple sclerosis.
• Compare and contrast the category types of multiple sclerosis.
• Describe the common medical treatment for multiple sclerosis.

Hour 4

• Recite studies associated with complementary and alternative approaches to management of patients with multiple sclerosis.
• Synthesize a plan for the management of patients with multiple sclerosis.

• This allows you to purchase all 18 hours of 208 level courses. Please see the educational objectives listed for each individual 208 module

• Recite relevant anatomy of the peripheral nervous system including the brachial plexus, upper limb nerves, lumbosacral plexus and lower limb nerves.
• Define and draw the brachial plexus.
• List the nerves of the upper limb.
• Compare and contrast the anatomy of the median and the ulnar nerves.
• Describe innervation of the major nerve branches of the major nerve divisions of the brachial plexus.
• Discuss the most common compressive lesions of the upper extremity involving the peripheral nervous system.
• List the muscles most commonly tested during EMG of the upper extremity.
• Define and draw the lumbosacral plexus.
• List the nerves of the lower limb.
• Discuss the most common compressive lesions of the lower extremity involving the peripheral nervous system.
• List the muscles most commonly tested during EMG of the lower extremity.
• Discuss the distinction between motor and sensory neural fibers and salutatory versus local circuit conduction.
• Compare and contrast the two types of compound potentials and discuss waveform morphology and parameters.
• Describe effects and patterns of demyelination.
• Describe the effects of axonal loss.
• Identify the electro-physiologic changes that may be noted in disease of the neuromuscular junction.
• Discuss late responses (F-waves and H-Reflexes) and describe the performance and clinical significance of each.
• Identify components involved in the tendon tap response.
• Thoroughly discuss all aspects of median and ulna nerve testing, including common congenital anomalies that are like to be encountered in the patient population.

• Compare and contrast Compound Muscle Action potential (CMAP), Sensory Nerve Action Potential (SNAP) and Motor Unit Potential (MUP).
• List the components of a spinal cord alpha motor neuron.
• Describe the basic structure of Schwann Cells and myelin.
• Discuss the role of Schwann Cells and myelin in action potential transmission.
• Recite the levels of the neuraxis which may be involved in disease that is detectable by electrodiagnostic testing.
• List the types and levels of nervous system compression.
• List common reasons and disorders for referral for electrodiagnostic testing.
• Describe a routine electrodiagnostic encounter.
• Demonstrate the position of electrodes in a typical median nerve study through the carpal tunnel.
• List the most common neuropathies of the upper and lower extremities.
• Compare and contrast typical electrodiagnostic findings for radiculopathy versus neuropathy. 
• Define and discuss the “Gold Standard” portions of the electrodiagnostic examinations.
• Discuss single fiber EMG.
• Identify the components of the needle EMG examination and discuss how various pathological conditions might be demonstrated by each component of the examination.
• Describe the morphology of positive sharp waves, fibrillations and motor unit potentials.
• Describe the morphology of positive sharp waves and fibrillations.
• Identify normal from abnormal patterns of muscular recruitment under minimal, moderate and maximal muscle contraction. 
• List various causes of radiculopathy.
• Discuss the history of radiculopathy through time.
• Contrast and compare various causes of radiculopathy.
• Discuss the need for and types of advanced imaging following abnormal findings on an electrodiagnostic examination.
• Discuss the utility of electrodiagnosis to the Doctor of Chiropractic.

• List several textbooks on electrodiagnostic medicine and discuss the benefits and limitations of each text.
• Recite several applications of electrodiagnostic medicine and discuss the utility of each of the tests performed.
• Describe the components required to perform an electrodiagnostic examination.
• Compare and contrast peripheral nerve injury classifications.
• Define some of the current terminology used in electrodiagnostic medicine.
• Compare and contrast the different types of electrodes used in electrodiagnostic medicine.
• Describe terminal motor latencies.
• Describe sensory and motor conduction velocities and studies.
• Describe electromyography.
• Discuss orthodromic and anti-dromic testing.
• Define motor unit potentials and discuss the normal and abnormal phases.
• Describe the varieties of evoked potentials and discuss the clinical utility of ordering each test.
• Describe the varieties of late potentials and discuss the clinical utility of ordering these tests.
• Identify the relevant neuroanatomy of the peripheral nervous system.
• Demonstrate median and ulnar nerves and the position of the various electrodes in common motor and sensory electrodiagnostic studies of the median and ulnar nerves.
• Discuss the conditions and circumstances when electrodiagnostic testing of the central nervous system may be beneficial or necessary.
• Describe the various electrodiagnostic procedures for the peripheral nervous system.
• Differentiate between motor unit potentials (MUP’s), fibrillations, positive sharp waves and sensory nerve action potentials (SNAP’s). 
• Contrast and compare electrodiagnostic tests for extremity complaints such as weakness and sensory loss.
• Define the role of electrodiagnosis in clinical practice.