• Discuss the history and philosophy of acupuncture
• Identify and differentiate the three founders of Chinese Medicine
• Differentiate the three pillars (three central influences of Chinese thought)
• Identify the first material used to make acupuncture needles
• Identify acupunctures struggle to survive and become recognized and accepted
• Recognize the most influential scripts and texts used in early acupuncture history
• Discuss the most significant events in acupuncture history from the early 20th century to the present time
• Discuss acupuncture theory (Yin/Yang, Qi and Five Elements)
• Differentiate Yin/Zang organs and Yang/Fu organs
• Differentiate the different types of Qi
• Identify the Five Elements/Phases
• Differentiate the four interactions of the Five Elements/Phases
• Identify the Five Shu (Transporting) Points

• Define HIV
• Outline HIV epidemiology and symptoms
• Discuss the effects of HIV on health and wellness
• Review current facts about the HIV and AIDS epidemic both in the U.S. and worldwide
• Discuss strategies for preventing HIV in the health care workplace
• Outline universal precautions and additional precautions to prevent transmission of HIV by blood
• Apply what to do when there has been a possible exposure to HIV infection
• Define and discuss confidentiality laws covering the medical records of HIV/AIDS patients
• Define and discuss behavioral interventions for HIV/AIDS patients
• Outline the screening of HIV-infected persons for HIV transmission risk

• Define common terminology used in the Chiropractic office
• Identify terminology associated with specific conditions and their treatment
• Describe locations on the body using appropriate anatomical terminology
• Describe the four procedures that constitute vital signs
• Identify normal values for pulse, blood pressure, temperature and respiratory rate in the adult

• Discuss the salient points of conducting a visual gait analysis
• Review the gait cycle and associated kinetics and kinematics
• Discuss step length, stride length and how they are affected in a case of a person with posterior compartment weakness
• Review the biomechanics associated with heel rise
• Propose rehabilitation strategies for specific cases that were reviewed

• Discuss the pitfall of video assessment of gait cases
• Review the gait cycle with respect to stance phase abnormalities in a gait case
• Differentiate between step length and stride length
• Review heel rise and the windlass mechanism
• Discuss the function of the long flexors of the toes in gait
• Evaluate pelvic posturing as it relate to a gait case
• Discuss the gait pathomechanics that result from a herniated disc

• Review the pertinent anatomy of the knee
• Review the kinematics and kinetics of knee function during the gait cycle
• View and discuss case studies involving knee function
• Predict pathomechanics that will arise from the gait abnormalities presented
• Propose remedies for the gait abnormalities seen

• Review the pertinent anatomy of the hip
• Review the kinematics and kinetics of hip function during the gait cycle
• View and discuss case studies involving hip function and common clinical scenarios
• Predict pathomechanics that will arise from the gait abnormalities presented
• Propose remedies for the gait abnormalities seen

• Review the walking gait cycle
• Review the running gait cycle
• Identify the key differences between walking and running gait
• Review the kinematics and kinetic differences between walking and running gait
• View case studies involving different walking and running gait styles
• Predict pathomechanics that may arise from gait abnormalities presented

• Review anatomical vs functional short leg
• Review the kinematics and kinetics of the short leg during the gait cycle
• View and discuss case studies looking at functional and anatomical short legs
• Predict pathomechanics that will arise from a short leg
• Propose remedies for the gait abnormalities seen

• Review fore foot to rearfoot relationships
• Review the different rear foot types
• Review the kinematics and kinetics of rear foot function during the gait cycle
• View and discuss case studies involving different rear foot types
• Predict pathomechanics that will arise from gait abnormalities presented
• Propose remedies for the gait abnormalities seen

• Breakdown the gait cycle into its component parts
• Recognize some less common gait abnormalities seen in gait analysis
• Assess actions of the lower kinetic chain during gait
• Predict pathomechanics that will arise from gait abnormalities presented

• Review how to determine foot type
• Describe and identify the five common foot types
• Explain how foot type effects gait biomechanics
• Compare and contrast different clinical examples of each foot type
• Discuss some treatments that can be utilized when a client presents with a particular foot type

• Briefly describe the history of the pedograph
• Compare pedographs with other technologies available for foot imprinting
• Explain how to obtain a reproducible pedograph
• Discuss pedograph interpretation and what it means clinically

• Identify the purpose of professional boundaries
• Differentiate between boundary violations and boundary crossings
• Identify the various factors related to dual relationships
• Identify issues related to bartering, gifts and boundaries

• Recognize the challenges of social networking and boundaries
• Evaluate issues specific to boundaries
• Clarify guidelines for maintaining professional boundaries
• Reflect on the maintenance of professional boundaries

• Describe the biomechanics of rotation of a thoracic ring at the levels T1-T7.
• Describe the biomechanics of the Cervical spine, Thoracic spine, ribs, clavicle and manubrium with elevation of the right or left shoulder.
• Describe the biomechanics of flexion and extension at the Costotransverse joint at T9.
• Describe the differences in motion of the mobile segments between T3 -T7 with side flexion occurring first in the Thoracic spine.

• Describe the physiology of breathing and how altered pH can affect the body.
• Describe two functions of the diaphragm.
• Identify limited chest expansion and Bradcliff angles and ski jumps
• Identify limited lateral costal breathing and how to facilitate normal lateral costal breathing

• Describe how altered breathing patterns can alter pH and how this can affect the body.
• Describe the autonomic nervous system and function.
• Name three physiological consequences of respiratory alkalosis.
• Describe suboptimal breathing patterns and their effect on the cervical spine and chronic pain.

• Name and describe the different types of sleep apnea.
• Describe the three levels of Apnea-hypopnea index AHI.
• List five symptoms of sleep apnea.
• List two treatments for sleep apnea.

• Describe the physiological response of aerobic exercise on the respiratory system.
• Describe the effect of running on the viscera and the diaphragm.
• Describe the response to inspiratory muscle fatigue on the body.
• List one device than may increase endurance of the respiratory muscles.

• Describe the anatomical structure of the diaphragm including innervation and blood supply.
• List four causes that may damage the innervation to the diaphragm and effect normal function.
• Describe the factors involved in Intensive Care Unit Acquired Weakness.
• Be able to describe the pros and cons of early mobilization in the ICU.

• List two theories of breathing retraining methods.
• Describe the theory of Resonant Frequency Breathing.
• Describe the theory and design of Kolar’s Neurodynamic Muscular Stabilization program.
• Describe the concept of Linda Joy Lee’s Thoracic Ring Approach.

• Outline the most commonly encountered neurological complaints of pregnancy that a D.C. might encounter in practice
• Differentiate between similar complaints to establish best course of care
• Modify normal practices, techniques and methods to accommodate for the biomechanical changes of the pregnancy patient
• Integrate other palliative therapies to relieve these complaints
• Analyze and adjust according to the complaint and concomitant exam findings

• Outline eight commonly encountered complaints of pregnancy that a DC might encounter in practice
• Differentiate between similar complaints to establish best course of care
• Understand the various causes of each complaint and how to address these causes
• Integrate other palliative therapies to relieve these complaints
• Analyze and adjust according to the complaint and concomitant exam findings

• Outline the most common herbal and homeopathic remedies that may be useful to a DC who cares for pregnant patients
• Differentiate between helpful remedies and those contraindicated for use during pregnancy
• How and when to successfully integrate these palliative therapies to relieve common complaints of pregnancy
• Recognize the basics of homeopathy, why and how it works, how to administer remedies and proper use and storage of remedies
• Generalize the use and need for these remedies to accommodate the special needs and concerns of the pregnancy patient

• Outline necessary dietary requirements for the mother to be
• Differentiate between safe and unsafe exercises that can be recommended to the expectant mother
• Give examples of safe exercise practices to the pregnant patient
• Identify the normal and customary weight gain during a healthy pregnancy
• Offer dietary recommendations and healthy food choices to the pregnant patient

• Identify the most common birth trauma(s) to a newborn
• Assess the biomechanics of the pregnant pelvis
• Recognize how certain maternal pelvic misalignments can lead to increased incidence of various birth traumas
• Modify adjustive techniques and methods to better care for the pregnant patient
• Reduce the prevalence of certain birth traumas due to distortions and misalignments in the maternal pelvis

• Identify the most common medical tests and procedures performed on pregnant and laboring women
• Recognize the risks of these tests and procedures
• Assess the benefits of these tests and procedures
• Effectively explain these risks and benefits to the pregnant patient
• Assist in the preparation of a well thought out and defined birth plan for the pregnant patient

• Outline commonly encountered misalignment and/or subluxation patterns that present with a breech presentation
• Outline commonly encountered misalignment and/or subluxation patterns that present with various common complaints of pregnancy
• Identify the various causes of a breech presentation and how to address these causes
• Integrate or eliminate other palliative therapies to aid in the reversal of a breech presentation and common complaints of pregnancy
• Analyze and adjust according to the patient history and concomitant exam findings

• Discuss a brief history of Chiropractic
• Describe the basics of Chiropractic Philosophy
• Discuss Chiropractic, Adaptation and Innate Intelligence
• Review how Chiropractic is built upon the basic sciences of anatomy (structure), physiology (function) and the clinical sciences (patient application).
• Understand how Chiropractic affects specific conditions

• Explain the basis of chiropractic, as taught by DD Palmer
• Recite DD Palmer's definition of disease
• Explain the Founder's concept of subluxation
• Using DD's words, justify the statement: Spine straightening is not chiropractic
• Compare and contrast spinal manipulation with chiropractic adjustment
• Define intelligence
• Describe the process of falsification and how it is applied to science
• Explain why intelligence must precede energy/matter
• Explain why the placebo effect cannot exist in a mechanistic world view
• Explain why adaptation is the basis of chiropractic research

• Utilize the Official Disability Guidelines for Shoulder Pain
• Apply the Official Disability Guidelines for the chiropractic treatment of shoulder pain
• Illustrate sensitivity and specificity of orthopedic tests for the shoulder
• Integrate Outcome Assessments for clinical justification of chiropractic treatment for neck and upper back pain

• Utilize the Official Disability Guidelines for Headaches.
• Apply the Official Disability Guidelines for the chiropractic treatment of headaches.
• Use the CCGPP Guidelines for the treatment of headaches.
• Integrate Outcome Assessments for clinical justification of chiropractic treatment for headaches.

• Interpret compliance advice and regulations directly from the Federal Office of Inspector General (OIG)
• Identify and become compliant with other requirements from the state level through third-party payer contractual obligations
• Review existing policy and procedure for compliance, including OIG compliance, HIPAA compliance, and other federal and state programs

• Use an E/M auditing tool to identify which level of E/M code is appropriate for the documentation provided
• Code E/M services for both new and established patients
• Audit E/M visits in the context of a compliance audit

• Apply guidelines for accurate coding and compliant billing practices
• Install monitoring to ensure standards are met
• Self-audit for compliance purposes
• Create internal policy and procedure to improve compliance

• Identify risk areas in the claim adjudication process and apply learned knowledge to prevent missteps
• Discuss federal, state, and payer guidelines that govern billing activities
• Avoid behaviors that violate the carrier contract and ensure compliance with regulations
• Evaluate provider contracts and payer policy for complete clarification on claim process

• Utilize self-auditing methods to identify high risk areas of patient finance in the office
• Develop systems for accountability and transparency in patient accounting
• Apply appropriate fee schedule measures to ensure validity in account posting
• Address federal and state guidelines for discounting to ensure compliance

• Apply the process for setting your fees legally and compliantly and according to Federal regulation
• Know the policies of ALL your carriers to be compliant
• Properly administer desired discounts without running afoul of the Federal and State regulations
• Implement legal hardship discounts, if desired, using the Federal guidelines to appropriately verify hardship

Hour 1 and 2

• Describe the components of the core and the function of the core.
• Describe the function of the diaphragm as it relates to posture, muscular relationships and stability of the spine.
• Describe the function and structure of the superficial muscle system of the body.
• Describe two concepts of spinal stability. 

Hour 3

• Demonstrate how to determine the length of quadratus lumborum and erector spinae. 
• Demonstrate how to evaluate Transversus abdominus function
• Demonstrate how to facilitate the core and initiate a core training program

Hour 4

• List three pathologies related to less than optimal core function.
• Describe three postural strategies that the patient may develop when the core is in dysfunction.
• Describe how weakness of the abdominals can alter diaphragm contractions.
• Explain how respiratory fatigue can alter core control.

• Develop an appreciation of the impact of culture group, minority group and racial group on the health care relationship
• Increase sensitivity, knowledge and skills to promote effective intercultural interactions
• Identify the professional's own cultural identity/judgments /biases and their impact on their behavior and how they are perceived by clients and patients
• Recognize cultural variables that appear in verbal and non-verbal communication
• Examine the influence of culture in our patient population
• Differentiate the provider's culture

• Examine the historical background of the various Latino/Hispanic groups in the U.S.
• Develop the skills needed to care for people from Spanish speaking parts of the world
• Increase our understanding of the cultural traits of Latino/Hispanic groups in the U.S.
• Summarize specific traits of various Latino/Hispanic groups
• Recognize how we can narrow the gap between us

• Comprehend basic diagnostic ultrasound terminologies and definitions. 
• Outline general diagnostic ultrasound equipment and image formation. 
• Identify the normal sonographic appearance of muscle, tendon, ligament, bone, nerve and cartilage. 
• Identify sonographic artifacts. 
• Utilize diagnostic ultrasound in the assessments and diagnosis of common musculoskeletal conditions. 

• Develop the skills for medical documentation record keeping for proper patient care and adherence to insurance protocols
• Summarize informed consent, Mercy guidelines, Medicare guidelines and NCQA guidelines
• Identify common treatment procedures and modalities used in a chiropractic practice And recognize contraindications to them
• designate specific items to consider when interpreting and/or taking plain film X-rays
• Summarize the value of laboratory and diagnostic testing.
• Recognize the importance of patient communication skills in order to assist in the diagnosis and treatment of patients
• Modify procedures and forms to prevent the possibility of a legal malpractice action against the doctor

Hour 1

• Utilize improved patient communication skills with Medicare Patients 
• Apply appropriate risk management procedures to enhance patient communication
• Identify the four elements of legal malpractice and recognize the key components to avoid a malpractice action  
• Utilize key components of good documentation and record keeping
• Integrate the legal requirements of informed consent in your informed consent process 

Hour 2

• Summarize why doctors are held to higher standards
• Discuss the Do’s and Don’ts of record keeping
• Use the 21 NCQA guidelines for appropriate medical record keeping and integrate the 3 key components of Evidence Based Practice (EBP)

Hour 3

• Assess Medicare’s mandatory Electronic Health Records (EHR) requirement        
• Discuss key items related to the Office of Inspector General (OIG) reports regarding Medicare and chiropractic services
• Summarize Executive Order issued by the White House titled reducing improper payments and eliminating waste in the Federal Programs

Hour 4

• Determine what triggers an audit and key items to consider if audited
• Utilize a step by step approach to meet all Federal Medicare Documentation guidelines 
• Summarize Medicare’s guidelines for necessity of chiropractic care and its covered services
• Prepare treatment plans per Medicare’s regulation requirements
• Recognize Medicare’s policy requirements pertaining to x-ray/diagnostic reimbursement
• Determine if ordering vs. referred services meet Medicare’s policy when performed by a chiropractic physician

Hour 1

• Demonstrate the key elements pertaining to Medicare’s documentation requirements for initial and subsequent patient encounters  
• Describe the three categories of chiropractic care covered through Medicare and the one category exempt from Medicare coverage
• Apply Medicare’s x-ray requirements for documenting a subluxation
• Utilize Medicare Advance Beneficiary Notification (ABN) form and its guidelines 
• Use Medicare’s PARTS system to document a subluxation
• Summarize the transformation of Medicare’s PARTS system utilizing the AIR S & M method               
• Include proper Medicare documentation for daily progress notes (SOAP), in order to meet insurance guidelines and meet medical necessity 

Hour 2

• Integrate a 7 step approach to meet E/M (Evaluation/Management) coding requirements to meet Medicare’s guidelines

Hour 3

• Review Medicare Access and CHIP Reauthorization Act of 2015 (MARCA) aka Medicare Quality Payment Program (QPP) and the Merit Based Incentive Payment Program (MIPS)                                                                    

Hour 4

• Apply the critical components of Chiropractic Manipulative Treatment (CMT) coding and Medicare’s requirements for documentation
• Use diagnostic codes ICD-10 (primary subluxation M-codes biomechanical lesions and secondary medical codes) to meet Medicare’s diagnosis requirements
• Recognize Current Procedure Terminology (CPT) codes and how it relates to the Medicare system
• Utilize Medicare modifiers   
• Identify some of the key items with regards to completing the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) 1500 claim form   
• Summarize Medicare’s mandatory claims submission policy                                   
• Explain the five levels of Medicare appeals process
• Distinguish between Medicare participating vs. non-participating provider requirements

• Discuss the history of ICD-10-CM codes
• Discuss the Official ICD-10-CM Guidelines for Coding and Reporting
• Identify and discuss the tools needed to navigate the ICD-10 codes
• Discuss the General Equivalence Mappings (GEM’s) and their significance and how they relate to ICD-10-CM Tabular List of Diseases and Injuries
• Identify and discuss how to select the appropriate ICD-10 code to its highest specificity
• Examples to be discussed

• Differentiate between active and maintenance care in clinical documentation
• Execute the use of advance notice in third party patients correctly and accurately
• Identify and implement strategies to clarify the difference between active and maintenance care in documentation
• Recognize and adopt best practices in proper notification about maintenance care vs. active treatment

• Properly document findings and recommendations around muscle therapies
• Master the documentation necessary in daily visits to verify medical necessity
• Identify and implement strategies the most important findings and rationale necessary to add muscle therapies to the treatment plan
• Recognize how to differentiate between various manual therapies to meet the requirements of third-party payers' medical review policy

• Differentiate between supervised modalities, constant attendance modalities, and therapeutic procedures
• Properly document the time and service for any physical medicine modality and procedure
• Clearly define the rationale for these services within the patient's medical record

• Recognize the varying specific requirements for documenting unique adjusting techniques in regards to compliant records and risk management
• Properly document patient encounters for medical necessity
• Discuss the Medical Review Policy insurers use in reviewing medical documentation
• Review case studies and examples to identify documentation errors during self-auditing

• Cite the difference between Therapeutic Exercise and Therapeutic Activities
• Properly document all aspects required when utilizing timed therapy services
• Assimilate payer policy details to ensure proper code utilization
• Discuss common errors when documenting and billing therapy services

• Apply best practices for using abbreviations, addressing legibility, authentication of signatures, and managing the day-to-day flow of your patient records 
• Clearly delineate the beginning and end of episodes of patient care, proper recording of these episodes, and boundary discussions with patients 
• Locate and utilize the definitions of medically necessary care, and apply it as a differentiator from clinically appropriate care
• Assess documentation across the life cycle of the patient’s chart from history to discharge and on through maintenance and wellness care based on live examples demonstrated
• Identify the deficiencies that may be present in your documentation through the eyes of an auditor

• Utilize documentation requirements for the most commonly used CPT codes in the profession
• Apply coding techniques and algorithms to ensure the proper code is selected to meet E/M documentation guidelines
• Recognize the codes that carry the highest degree of risk and confirm that documentation meets the code requirements
• Identify the mandatory elements of medical review policy for selected chiropractic codes

• Compose Complete and Accurate Treatment Plans
• Formulate multiple Standard Treatment Protocols for better compliance and efficiency
• Differentiate patient care plans per Patient condition severity
• Propose recommendations based on exam findings, not third party coverage

• Discuss Medicare’s guidelines for documenting quality measures 
• Discuss Medicare’s Merit-Based Incentive Program (MIPS)
• Identify and determine the eligibility requirements for MIPS
• Identify and discuss the 4 categories under MIPS (Quality, Cost, Promoting Interoperability (PI) and Clinical Practice Improvement Activities (CPIA)
• Recognize how Medicare calculates MIPS to determine payment adjustments

• Know how to document exactly what’s required for initial visit treatment plans including physical medicine procedures
• Apply sample language to include in each daily visit note that will meet documentation guidelines for these modalities and procedures, including properly recording time for timed services
• Command the mechanics of how to authenticate documentation for services provided by auxiliary team members
• Tie the patient’s diagnosis to the treatment plan for tissue-specific, physical medicine solutions
• Tell a complete and coherent account of the patient’s daily visit journey, outlining the crucial language necessary to justify medical necessity for all services rendered

• Recognize and document the difference between active and maintenance care
• Use a decision-making matrix to determine the reportability of active treatment, and to be able to help the patient understand the distinction
• Apply the Medicare standard of recordkeeping to intake requirements to establish a baseline for episodes of care
• Determine whether routine visits qualify as active treatment when presented with new and updated complaints

• Describe the need for prognosis
• Summarize what a prognosis is
• Demonstrate the use of prognostic tools
• Appraise your individual patient’s outlook for recovery.
• Measure the progress
• Make evidence based clinical decisions
• Substantiate your opinion for expert testimony.
• Illustrate the evidence for care.
• Prescribe evidence based care plans.
• Properly document and code complicated cases
• Improve the patient report of findings and discharge procedures

• Interpret in documentation, the difference between active, medically necessary care vs. clinically appropriate but possibly maintenance adjustments
• Able to distinguish compensatory vs. primary subluxations and document them properly
• Specify proper documentation techniques as a full spine adjuster
• Demonstrate the ability to classify documentation for each chiropractic technique employed

• Perform functional testing to identify patients who will benefit from active care rehab
• Correlate functional testing findings with a protocol-driven care plan customized to the patient’s diagnosis
• Recognize and document preferred outcomes that result from properly executed active care techniques
• Follow clinical algorithms to best understand the beginning, middle and end points of active care rehab
• Properly document the clinical rationale for active care rehab by linking it to the diagnosis and treatment plan of initial visit documentation

• Discover all the elements necessary for appropriate documentation of an episode of care, from the initial visit through the discharge from active treatment
• Have clearer delineation of the beginning and end of episodes of patient care
• Decide when an active episode of care should turn into maintenance care, and document the decision making appropriately
• Identify the required components of documentation as they are outlined in state board documentation requirements, Medicare documentation requirements and other entities’ regulations

• Define and recognize common procedures that may be deemed unproven, investigational or experimental
• Determine how individual state boards and payers view these various treatments
• Recognize guidance or rulings from state boards that dictate the need for informed consent
• Properly document the procedures in the medical record
• Apply correct coding to describe the procedure provided
• Personalize a sample Consent to Treat for the procedure provided

• Awareness of the value of orderly documentation to you and others
• Ability to duplicate key documentation components that auditors and reviewers expect
• Steps necessary to address how poor documentation can turn a simple record review into a full audit
• Ability to identify commonly missed links connecting documentation to treatment

• Recognize and apply E/M documentation requirements for history and consultation
• Properly execute the four sub-components of history to be documented for new and established patient documentation
• Properly execute the appropriate documentation for chiropractic examination components necessary to meet E/M documentation requirements
• Reproduce quality documentation components within history and examination for new and established patients
• Distinguish necessary elements of E/M documentation guidelines necessary for various levels of coding

• This contains all courses with the educational objectives listed from Documentation 180 through Documentation 181

• Recognize and apply E/M documentation requirements for medical decision making, to include levels of risk, problem points, and data points.
• Calculate the appropriate levels of medical decision making based on complexity tables
• Properly execute the appropriate documentation medical decision-making components necessary to meet E/M documentation requirements
• Reproduce quality documentation elements necessary in new and established patient documentation
• Compute, using appropriate algorithms, the levels of E/M coding based on documentation

• Differentiate and document for the difference between medical necessity and clinical appropriateness
• Execute a complete and compliant treatment plan that includes all required elements
• Properly record the elements necessary to justify the full-spine adjustment
• Command the mechanics of properly documenting clinical rationale for ordered diagnostics and treatment
• Ensure the inclusion of diagnostic assessment and doctor’s rationale in routine daily visit notes

• Evaluate the necessary elements to properly document established patient re-evaluations of all types
• Deliver appropriate evaluation and management services to justify continued care, assess progress, and discharge from this active care when the time is right
• Report the necessary components of documenting the transitional diagnosis and treatment plan after a periodic re-evaluation
• Complete the fundamentals of documenting the assessment of change since the last evaluation as it applies to federal regulations in Medicare

• Recognize the mandatory enrollment guidelines for chiropractors and apply the rules to daily practice
• Distinguish between active and maintenance care and employ proper procedure to administrate both types of care
• Complete and document required elements of documentation of active treatment
• Prepare patients to best differentiate care that Medicare considers medically necessary from care that the patient is expected to pay for
• Apply the Medicare standard of financial transactions with patients in order to stay within the Federal collection guidelines

• Know how to prepare for a medical emergency
• Review four emergency medical conditions: Stroke, Heart Attack, Difficulty Breathing, Diabetic Emergencies
• Recognize the causes, symptoms and signs for these emergencies
• Understand how to provide the appropriate emergency treatments

• Demonstrate the importance of communicating in an ethical manner and what that entails
• Develop an understanding of what 'spin' is, why it is unethical and how to monitor and minimize/stop it
• Evaluate the barriers to effective and ethical communication
• Develop an understanding of exactly what takes place/needs to take place during the provider/client interaction
• Discover what it is that patients want from their visits to a provider
• Appraise how to deal with challenging clients and situations
• Discover how to become a skilled helper by studying the tools of communication
• Apply listening skills to the provider's repertoire
• Demonstrate the importance of the impact of nonverbal communication on the caregiver/client relationship
• Develop, analyze and apply the verbal and nonverbal skills that will help to gather information and support the patient effectively
• Write an Ethical Communication Protocol (EPC) for your practice

• Define morality and ethics and distinguish between the two
• Describe three moralities that health professionals must integrate into their own moral life
• Identify some major sources of moral beliefs in Western societies
• Distinguish between an ethical issue and ethical problem
• List three ways that ethics is useful in everyday professional practice
• Describe what material cooperation entails
• Identify some mechanisms available to protect the personal moral convictions of health professionals

• Identify the goal of professional ethics activity.
• Describe the basic idea of a caring response and some ways this response in a professional relationship is distinguished from expressions of care in other types of relationships.
• Identify three component parts of any ethical problem.
• Describe what an agent is and, more importantly, what it is to be a moral agent.
• Name the three prototypical ethical problems.
• Describe the role of emotions in ethical distress.
• Distinguish between two varieties of ethical distress.
• Compare the fundamental difference between ethical distress and an ethical dilemma.
• Define ethical paternalism or parentalism.
• Describe a type of ethical dilemma that challenges a professionals desire (and duty) to treat everyone fairly and equitably.
• Identify the fundamental difference between distress or dilemma problems and locus of authority problems.
• Identify four criteria that will assist you in deciding who should assume authority for a specific ethical decision to achieve a caring response.
• Become familiar with AOTA and APTA Code of Ethics
• Become familiar with the Guide to Professional Conduct for PT
• Indiana PTs - become familiar with the IN PT Rules and Practice Act
• Texas PTs - become familiar with the TX PT Rules and Practice Act
• Utah PTs - become familiar with the UT PT Rules and Practice Act

• Identify six steps in the analysis of ethical problems encountered in everyday professional life and how each plays a part in arriving at a caring response.
• Describe the central role of narrative and virtue theories in gathering relevant information for a caring response.
• List four areas of inquiry that will be useful when gathering relevant information to make sure you have the story straight.
• Describe the role of conduct-related ethical theories and approaches in arriving at a caring response.
• Describe why imagination is an essential aspect of seeking out the practical alternatives in an ethically challenging situation.
• Discuss how courage assists you in a caring response.
• Identify two benefits of taking time to reflect on and evaluate the action afterward.
• Become familiar with AOTA and APTA Code of Ethics
• Become familiar with the Guide to Professional Conduct for PT's

• Define the terms confidential information and confidentiality.
• Identify the relationship of a patient's legal right to privacy with his reasonable expectations regarding confidential information.
• Describe how the telling and keeping of secrets is relevant to understanding the importance of confidentiality.
• Discuss the ethical norms involved in keeping and breaking professional confidences.
• Name five general legal exceptions to the professional standard of practice that confidences should not be broken.
• Consider practical options that a professional can take when faced with the possibility of breaking a confidence.
• Discuss some important aspects of documentation that affect confidentiality.
• Compare ethical issues of confidentiality traditionally conceived with those that have arisen because of computerized medical records and patient care information systems.
• Describe the key ethical strengths and challenges of the recent U.S. federal regulations related to privacy considerations (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996).
• Become familiar with AOTA and APTA Code of Ethics
• Review and become familiar with the TX PT Rules
• Read case scenarios illustrating ethical decision making

• Describe three basic legal concepts that led to the doctrine of informed consent.
• Describe three approaches to determining the disclosure standard for judging that a patient or client has been informed.
• Discuss three major aspects of the process of obtaining informed consent.
• Distinguish "general consent" from "special consent" documents.
• Differentiate between the never-competent and once-competent patient or client and the challenges posed by each in regard to informed consent.
• Compare informed consent as it is used in health care practice and in human studies research.
• Describe some considerations one must always take into account to be sure one is being culturally competent and honoring cultural difference when informed consent is the standard.

• Summarize the effect of exercise on wound healing in older adults
• Discuss the relationship between trunk muscle composition and functional capacity
• Assess the effects of high-intensity strength training on balance
• Describe a study that examines the reliability and validity of a new steadiness measure
• Assess the effect of an endurance exercise program on depression, anxiety and quality of life

• Summarize the concept of mitochondrial degeneration
• Discuss the free-radical mitochondrial theory of aging and the susceptibility of the brain to oxidative stress
• Assess the relationship between mitochondrial decay and age-related neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD)
• Illustrate the array of mitochondrial nutrients and the various vitamins that may improve mitochondrial function

• Breakdown the biomechanical processes of spinal degeneration
• Explain the biochemical processes that occur in the geriatric population in 
• Differentiate between various diagnosis of structural and chemical conditions seen in geriatric patients
• Analyze the radiological findings and how they influence clinical decisions
• Explain Syndrome X and how it affects physiology
• Differentiate trauma and its late effects on the body

Hour 1

• Describe psychoneuroimmunology and its application to clinical diagnosis of geriatric patients
• Apply psychoneuroimmunology to activities of daily living

Hour 2

• Differentiate clinical approaches to managing psychoneuroimmunology
• Measure clinical treatment outcomes

Hour 3

• Relate what factors contribute to this field in the elderly patient
• Incorporate hormonal balancing with nutrition in clinical treatment plans for Chiropractic Patients

• Implement nutrients that promote spinal and joint function to obtain positive clinical outcomes
• Explain Ph., alkalinity and acidity as it impacts the physiology of the body in regards to healing
• Categorize toxins in the environment that create clinical presentations of  geriatric patients clinical care
• Utilize vitamins herbals and supplements to augment patients’ care
• Factor nutritional aspects of protein, fats and carbs into clinical treatment plans to improve healing
• Create treatment goals and nutritional plans

• Assess various treatment modalities
• Implement treatment protocols as found in the latest research
• Progress patients to incorporate wellness into their lifestyle
• Perform postural evaluations and discuss clinical significance to the patient
• Appropriately factor radiographic findings into diagnosis and clinical decision making of the geriatric patient
• Examine physical findings and set specific and measurable patient treatment goals

• Discuss ethical standards of insurance reporting and coding
• Define the Problem Oriented Medical Record (POMR)
• Describe the P.A.R.T. format of documentation
• Define the P of P.A.R.T. from Centers for Medicare/Medicaid Services
• Define the A of P.A.R.T. from Centers for Medicare/Medicaid Services
• Demonstrate the POMR and the P and A of P.A.R.T. formats for the initial patient encounter
• Describe the concept of outcome assessments in clinical practice
• Distinguish between subjective and objective outcome assessments Illustrate methods of proving medical necessity
• Develop a strategy to justify treatment

• Define the R of P.A.R.T. from Centers for Medicare/Medicaid Services
• Illustrate the different methods of evaluating spinal range of motion
• Define the T of P.A.R.T. from Centers for Medicare/Medicaid Services
• Describe the timing of the first re-exam
• Demonstrate proper coding for range of motion measurements
• Illustrate different outcome assessments for the T of P.A.R.T
• Demonstrate the POMR and P.A.R.T. formats for the initial patient encounter
• Integrate the POMR and P.A.R.T. formats for subsequent patient encounters
• Define proper Assessments
• Illustrate the two types of Plan
• Demonstrate proper documentation for timed codes
• Define the short, moderate and long-term diagnoses for Medicare

• Illustrate the important diagnoses for personal injury cases
• Define the 5 Colossus prognoses
• Demonstrate the 5 grades of injury severity for the Croft Guidelines for the Treatment of CAD Injuries
• Illustrate the Croft Treatment Guidelines
• Discuss the complicating factors for the Croft Guidelines
• Define the critical points for documentation of personal injury cases
• Discuss the concepts that personal injury attorneys look for in our documentation

• Explain the three phases of healing for non-cancerous tissue, and examine the physiology of heat and ice therapies
• Outline the differences in tissue type and healing times between strains and sprains
• Contrast the differences between NSAIDS and corticosteroids, including their side-effects and lasting effects on the body
• Discuss the side effects and precautions pertinent to manual therapists for analgesic and anti-inflammatory medications
• Classify the pharmaceuticals that act on the central nervous system to control pain, inflammation, circulation, and the immune response, defining specific precautions pertinent to the profession

• Identify ePHI assets within the clinic and assess exposure to threats and vulnerabilities
• Understand how to create an action plan and implement Security Safeguards
• Recognize the components of the Risk Assessment that must be considered when developing policies and procedures

• Manage Risk Assignments and assign Target Dates to comply with federal requirements
• Audit Risk Factors that may be present
• Manage Security Events that may come up during the course of everyday workflow
• Set up Workforce Security Standards to be complied with by all team members
• Ongoingly Monitor Security Safeguards to ensure the integrity of your data and minimize risk

• Recognize PHI Identifiers- Know what you are looking for
• Identify important components of the Notice of Privacy Practices and how it puts the patient in the driver seat
• Execute, track and audit Business Associate Agreements
• Apply the rules of Patient Authorizations regarding when TPO applies

• Discuss the History of HIPAA
• Understanding Terminology of HIPAA i.e.: PHI, IIHI, NPP, TPO, NPI, EIN, EDI, etc.
• Understand covered entities vs. non-covered entities
• Understand what HIPAA truly means to a practice and does everyone have to comply
• Understand what Electronic Data Interchange (EDI), code sets, identifiers, security and privacy
• Understand the Privacy Rule, Patient Consent Form, Notice of Privacy Practices, Patient Authorization, Business Associate Agreements, Appointments of Privacy Officers and Staff training
• Understand patient rights as it pertains to access of their medical information, records and your practice etc.
• Understand and feel confident about HIPAA Guidelines

• Interview a patient using the skills of the patient-centered interview
• Elicit from patients their stories of illness, while pursuing the broader life setting in which symptoms occur
• Elicit from patients key information in their medical, family, and psychosocial histories
• Recognize and respond appropriately to a patient’s emotions as they are expressed
• Support and encourage expression of patients’ emotions
• Critically assess one’s own performance and use of interviewing skill
• Develop interpersonal skills enabling the establishment of long-term relationships with patients.

• Define hydrotherapy, cryotherapy, spa and thermotherapy
• List 3 advantages/disadvantages of heat and cold
• Identify the Hunting Response
• List the three physical states of water
• Identify guidelines to ensure safe application of hydrotherapy methods
  Copyright 2005 Elsevier, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

   

• Integrate infection, evolution, immunity, inflammation, fibrosis, blood flow, mitochondria, ATP, oxidative stress, and DNA.
• Integrate mechanical integrity in gravity, weight, load, levers, posture, mechanoreception, mechanotransduction, mechanobiology, tensegrity, neurology, blood flow, and DNA.
• Justify high vegetable, low lectin, low glycemic dietary habits, and their influence on physiology.
• Summarize problems with refined carbohydrates, monosodium glutamate, aspartame, and chemical toxins.
• Support high intensity interval training, weight lifting, brain derived neurotrophic factor, human growth hormone, and interleukin-10.
• Explain the biphasic nature of laser photon therapy, wavelength, frequency, speed of light, fluence, penetration, secondary and primary physiological influences.
• Develop the relationship between mitochondria, free radicals, ATP, cytochrome c oxidase enzyme, and laser photon therapy
• Justify why all people need between 5-8 different supplements and explain why.
• Diagram a protocol for influencing immunology and the brain through the intestinal tract; integrating the vagus nerve and the nucleus tractus solitarius.
• Integrate a protocol for brain function that discusses trauma, degenerative, and vascular compromise.
• Demonstrate a protocol for chronic low back pain that integrates the intervertebral disc, posture, mechanics, exercise, and laser therapy.
• Support a protocol for acute whiplash that includes applying controlled motion and anti-inflammation strategies.
• Apply a protocol for remodeling scar tissue and the fibrosis of repair.

• Review common conditions and how low-level laser affects treatment outcome
• Describe the Opioid Epidemic
• Discuss Low Level Laser Therapy FDA Clearances
• Analyze FDA Study details and research validation
• Perform myotome Testing - Neck and Shoulder 
• Utilize 635 nm red correction
• Perform Myotome Testing - Neck and Shoulder
• Utilitze 405 nm FDA Clearance correction
• Utilize 405 nm identifying hidden weaknesses
• Demonstrate Soft tissue/percussion - Neck and Shoulder
• Explain laser physics at a cellular level
• Perform myotome Testing - Low Back 
• Utilize 635 nm red correction
• Demonstrate Soft tissue/percussion - Lower back
• Discuss Low Level Laser Therapy FDA Clearance Plantar Fasciitis
• Utilize rehabilitation - Slant Board / Calf Master
• Identify normal vs abnormal length and strengthen the low physical capacity related to foot/knee symptoms of the patient
• Recite PubMed studies in regard to the health benefits of scoring and improving structure and soft tissue
• Examine how your physical capacity score predicts Activities of Daily Living and health outcomes
• Discuss a neuro-mechanical treatment approach
• Provide nutritional support for your patients

• Contrast benefits of non‐thermal versus thermal lasers     
• Discuss the history and method of action of non‐thermal lasers         
• Distinguish the unique benefits of non‐thermal violet lasers     
• Demonstrate the easy of using non-thermal lasers           
• Utilize basic applied clinical nutrition information to support the foundation  for healing in patients   
• Explain the 4 keystones of health     
• Identify digestive dysfunction and create a plan for correction     
• Assess acid reflux and hypochlorhydria
• Review the importance of gallbladder function in liver detoxification   
• Outline the basics of leaky gut   
• Explore the cascade of poor health   
• Integrate clinical tips and suggestions        
• Recognize the opportunity of when to use non‐thermal laser therapy and  which conditions respond best to it     
• Review non‐thermal laser techniques for resolving immune, pain, brain and  organ system presentations   
• Discuss multiple non‐thermal laser therapy applications          
• Determine whether to treat empirically or test    
• Interpret basic laboratory values using functional levels   
• Selecting from the specialty lab test options for objective feedback and to  target treatment plans     
• Integrate non‐thermal laser therapy with acupuncture treatments for  exponential patient outcomes   
• Perform non‐thermal laser treatments for FDA cleared conditions and  successful therapies for conditions not yet formally studied    
• Demonstrate using non‐thermal laser for immune system strengthening and  faster infection resolution      
• Apply non‐thermal laser techniques to balance energy or emotional centers  of patients to enhance acupuncture treatments

• Summarize optimal treatment parameters of low level lasers
• Outline at least 3 major physiological effects that low level lasers have on the human body
• Describe the 4 major pathophysiological changes in degeneration
• Identify lab markers that can be used to assess the integrity of tight junction barriers
• Give examples of nutrition and other factors that may damage barrier systems
• Recognize how low level laser can directly and indirectly the body
• Integrating basic neurology and low level laser applications to support normal adaptive physiology for common disorders
• Discuss how low level laser can be used to affect physiological and biological effects in the body
• Describe pain from peripheral and central mechanisms. 
• Specify how to use low level lasers for chronic pain management for low back pain
• Summarize base low level laser protocols

• Identify the principles of photobiomodulation
• Discuss the ability of the body to repair itself
• Explain the scope of non-thermal low-level laser
• Summarize the action the laser has at a chemical level
• Explain Medawar’s Hypothesis and Kirkwood’s addition to it
• How Non-Thermal Low-Level Laser Therapy helps maintain a healthy life
• Classify different ways of using Non-Thermal Low-Level Laser Therapy
• Outline the research about Non-Thermal Low-Level Laser Therapy
• Summarize the areas that Non-Thermal Low-Level Laser Therapy is used in
• Discuss the differences between 405, 532, and 635nm Non-Thermal Low-Level Laser Therapy
• Give Examples of the immunological benefits of treatment
• Relate the of 405, 635 nm combo in tissue healing
• Explain the differences between Non-Thermal Low-Level Laser Therapy, Hot Laser and LED
• State the uses and effects of hot laser
• Indicate the benefits of LED
• Assess the science behind Non-Thermal Low-Level Laser Therapy
• Apply Non-Thermal Low-Level Laser Therapy

• Identify the common threads of most health challenges that patients are currently presenting with in our offices.
• Examine the facets and protocols that are most effective for mitochondrial dysfunction, systemic inflammation, and chronic pain syndromes.
• Apply practical applications of Low Level Laser Therapy or photobiomodulation for the improvement of mitochondrial dysfunction, reducing systemic inflammatory cascades, and improving overall quality of life.
• Integrate the most researched skill sets and protocols to achieve powerful results.
• Test inflammatory markers to determine proper treatment protocols and efficacy.
• Compare the level of weakness for brachial and lumbar plexus before and after treatments.
• Measure the degree of neuroinflammation and its impact on cerebellar function with the sway test.
• Assess cognitive decline accurately with Montreal cognitive assessment form and specific lab
• Application of Low Level Laser Therapy to chronic pain syndromes of the plantar fascia.
• Solve the issue of chronic pain with FDA approved Low Level Laser Therapy
• Predict the recovery time for specific conditions for treatment plan accuracy.
• Utilize and blend these proven methods to take your confidence and clinical outcomes to a higher level.

• Describe the concept of intersectionality and how it can affect the lives of young black gay and bisexual men
• Identify factors contributing to adverse health outcomes in young black gay and bisexual men
• Summarize special considerations for the care of LGBTQ youth
• Identify strategies that individual providers can use to provide more patient-centered care for LGBTQ youth
• Summarize the current knowledge in scope, clinical presentation, screening and management of eating disorders
• Identify the prevalence of body image dissatisfaction and eating disorders in sexual minority adolescents

• Recognize lumbar disc signs and symptoms.
• Differentiate disc prolapse from disc extrusion.
• Identify anatomical structures related to lumbar disc conditions.
• Describe neuro-muscular physiology as it relates to disc injuries.
• Determine appropriate exam procedures for diagnosing disc conditions.
• Assess static range of motion coupled with cross-plane evaluation.
• Analyze dynamic joint motion using outcome-based assessment tools.
• Interpret manual muscle testing using eccentric break testing protocols.
• Grade muscle tone and discover muscle palpation techniques.
• Interpret neurological tests to determine levels of disc involvement.
• Design treatment plans based on exam findings.
• Apply manual manipulation techniques to address the lumbo-pelvic joint lesions.
• Demonstrate manual methods to reduce abdominal and pelvic muscular dysfunction.
• Create new muscle memory patterns to correct chronic conditions.
• Compare pre- and post- treatment findings to support care plans.

• Discuss different types of lumbar stretching and their effects.
• Define therapeutic stretching goals, protocols and precautions for the lumbar spine.
• Measure lumbar pain, agility and joint crepitus associated with therapeutic stretching.
• Apply lumbo-pelvic circumduction training to improve disc related joint mobility.
• Integrate PreActive therapeutic stretching techniques to reduce lumbo-pelvic muscle tension.
• Devise strengthening protocols for the lumbo-pelvic region using graduated isometric protocols.
• Discuss mobility during lumbar traction to reduce disc pressure.
• Compare static traction versus dynamic traction.
• Define contra-indications for decompression therapy of the lumbar spine.
• Apply appropriate lumbar decompression therapy to various patient populations.
• Demonstrate lumbar mobility training exercises used to enhance decompression effectiveness.
• Justify reimbursement through accurate documentation of lumbar disc treatment progression.
• Diagnose lumbar disc conditions with clarity.
• Select outcome-based assessment tools to monitor patient progress.
• Illustrate lumbar range of motion and muscle testing deficiencies concisely.
• Summarize patient status for lumbar mobility, crepitus and pain intensity.

• Recognize concussion signs and symptoms.
• Differentiate concussion grades.
• Identify anatomical structures related to concussions.
• Describe pathophysiology as it relates to concussions.
• Determine appropriate exam procedures for diagnosing concussions.
• Apply diagnostic skills to on-field and clinic settings.
• Interpret diagnostic tests to evaluate concussion progress.
• Design treatment plans based on exam findings.
• Demonstrate manual manipulation techniques to address concussion symptoms.
• Compare pre- and post-treatment findings to support care plans.

• Discuss neurophysiology of musculoskeletal dysfunction.
• Create new memory patterns to restore neuromascular integration.
• Demonstrate manual methods to reduce muscular dysfunction.
• Address cranial nerve lesions with manipulation techniques.
• Introduce the half-somersault maneuver for vertigo relief.

• NOTE: Recommend taking Management of Common Conditions 203 prior to taking this course.

• Recognize cervical disc signs and symptoms.
• Differentiate disc prolapse from disc extrusion.
• Identify anatomical structures related to cervical disc conditions.
• Describe neuro-muscular physiology as it relates to disc injuries.
• Determine appropriate exam procedures for diagnosing disc conditions.
• Assess static range of motion coupled with cross-plane evaluation.
• Analyze dynamic joint motion using outcome-based assessment tools.
• Interpret manual muscle testing using eccentric break testing protocols.
• Develop muscle palpation skills and grade muscle tonicity.
• Interpret neurological tests to determine levels of disc involvement.
• Design treatment plans based on exam findings.
• Apply manual manipulation techniques to address the cervical joint lesions.
• Demonstrate manual methods to reduce cervical muscular dysfunction.
• Create new muscle memory patterns to correct chronic conditions.
• Compare pre- and post-treatment findings to support care plans.

• Discuss different types of cervical stretching and their effects.
• Define therapeutic stretching goals, protocols and precautions for the cervical spine.
• Measure cervical pain, agility and joint crepitus associated with therapeutic stretching.
• Integrate PreActive therapeutic stretching techniques to reduce cervical muscle tension and improve disc related joint mobility.
• Devise strengthening protocols for the cervical region using graduated isometric protocols.
• Discuss cervical mobility during traction to reduce disc pressure.
• Compare static traction versus dynamic traction of the cervical spine.
• Define contra-indications for cervical decompression therapy.
• Apply appropriate cervical decompression therapy to various patient populations.
• Demonstrate cervical mobility training exercises used to enhance decompression effectiveness.
• Justify reimbursement through accurate documentation of cervical disc treatment progression.
• Diagnose cervical disc conditions with clarity.
• Select outcome-based assessment tools to monitor patient progress for cervical conditions.
• Illustrate cervical range of motion and muscle testing deficiencies concisely.
• Summarize patient status for cervical mobility, crepitus and pain intensity.

• Discuss the specific pattern of contracted and weak muscles found with Pelvic Crossed Syndrome.
• Discern the effects on the spine and pelvis from the spastic and weak muscle pattern.
• Apply modalities and manual methods to treat weak and contracted muscles.
• Rehabilitate weak and atrophied muscles using stretching and exercise.
• Determine spinal and pelvic effects of the abnormal muscular patterns found with Pelvic Crossed Syndrome and apply treatment protocol.

• Discuss the histological features of Scoliosis
• Discern Structural vs. Functional Scoliosis and their primary causes
• Coordinate treatment protocols to cervical, thoracic and lumbopelvic spine, rib cage and scapula for Scoliosis curvature
• Utilize modalities and soft tissue treatment methods to address functional changes resulting in a Scoliosis curvature
• Advise the Scoliosis patient in effective methods of stretching and exercise

• Discuss the specific pattern of contracted and weak muscles found with Shoulder Crossed Syndrome.
• Discern the effects on the spine, upper extremity and pelvis from the spastic and weak muscle pattern.
• Apply modalities and manual methods to treat weak and contracted muscles.
• Rehabilitate weak and atrophied muscles using stretching and exercise.
• Determine spinal, extraspinal and pelvic effects of the abnormal muscular patterns found with Shoulder Crossed Syndrome and apply treatment protocol.

• Discuss the specific pattern of fibrosis development around and within the glenohumeral joint found with Adhesive Capsulitis.
• Discern the effects of the fibrosis and adhesions on the glenohumeral joint and associated soft tissues.
• Understand the rules of treatment specific to Adhesive Capsulitis.
• Apply modalities and manual methods to treat fibrosis and adhesions in the soft tissue structures around and within the glenohumeral joint as well as associated contracted muscle tissue.
• Rehabilitate weak and atrophied muscles using stretching, exercise and modalities.

• Summarize applications for muscle strength testing
• Identify potential causes of abnormal findings
• Define generic procedures to use when performing manual muscle strength tests
• Grade muscle strength tests using standardized measurement scales
• Create and revise muscle strength tests utilizing your knowledge of anatomy plus techniques of muscle isolation and contraction limits

• Summarize manual muscle strength testing: purposes; procedures; and grading.
• Describe origins, insertions, actions, athletic activities and common clinical conditions involved with the medial and lateral stabilizing muscles of the ankles and knees.
• Apply knowledge of anatomy to refine vectors of force and other procedures involved in performing manual strength tests for muscles of the ankles & knees.
• Manually measure strength of the medial and lateral stabilizing muscles of the ankles and knees.
• Interpret the significance of the results for the manual strength tests of the stabilizing muscles of the ankles and knees.

• Summarize manual muscle strength testing: purposes; procedures; and grading.
• Describe origins, insertions, actions, athletic activities and common clinical conditions involved with seven of the muscles crossing the hips.
• Apply knowledge of anatomy to refine vectors of force and other procedures involved in performing manual strength tests for muscles of the hips.
• Manually measure strength of seven muscles crossing the hip joint.
• Interpret the clinical and athletic significance of the results for the manual strength tests of the muscles of the hips.

• Summarize manual muscle strength testing: purposes; procedures; and grading.
• Describe origins, insertions, actions, athletic activities and common clinical conditions involved with ten muscles in the anterior and posterior compartments of the thigh.
• Apply knowledge of anatomy to refine vectors of force and other procedures involved in performing manual strength tests for muscles of the thigh.
• Manually measure strength of ten muscles in the anterior and posterior compartments of the thigh.
• Interpret the clinical and athletic significance of abnormal results with manual strength tests of the anterior and posterior muscles of the thigh.

• Summarize manual muscle strength testing: purposes; procedures; and grading.
• Describe origins, insertions, actions, athletic activities and common clinical conditions involved with seven muscles of the thigh adductor and triceps surae groups.
• Apply knowledge of anatomy to refine vectors of force and other procedures involved in performing manual strength tests for these muscles of the thigh and leg.
• Manually measure strength of seven muscles in the thigh adductor and triceps surae groups.
• Interpret the clinical and athletic significance of abnormal results with these manual strength tests of the medial muscles of the thigh and posterior calf.

• Summarize manual muscle strength testing: purposes; procedures; and grading.
• Describe origins, insertions, actions, athletic activities and common clinical conditions involved with ten muscles controlling the digits of the feet.
• Apply knowledge of anatomy to refine vectors of force and other procedures involved in performing manual strength tests for these muscles of the lower limb digits.
• Manually measure strength of ten muscles in the lower limb digits.
• Interpret the clinical and athletic significance of abnormal results with these manual strength tests of the lower limb digits.

• Summarize manual muscle strength testing: purposes; procedures; and grading.
• Describe origins, insertions, standard tests and alternative tests for ten muscles in the lower limb.
• Apply knowledge of anatomy and clinical experience in order to decide when alternative tests would be preferable to standard muscle strength tests and how to refine vectors of force and other testing procedures to accomplish these goals.
• Manually measure strength using 10 alternative procedures.
• Utilize current research findings as evidence to help justify manual muscle strength testing in your practice.

• Construct examination/radiographic criteria for Osteochondritis Dissecans
• Dissect the elbow as it relates to lateral epicondylitis
• Develop a diagnostic and treatment approach for adhesive capsulitis
• Review possible causes of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration
• Create a list of differential diagnoses of foot pain
• Identify common causes of patellofemoral syndrome
• Understand knee mechanics relative to patellofemoral syndrome
• Differentially diagnose patellofemoral syndrome from other knee conditions
• Define an appropriate treatment program for patellofemoral syndrome
• Identify common causes of shoulder syndrome
• Understand functional mechanics of the shoulder relative to impingement syndrome
• Differentially diagnose shoulder impingement from other shoulder conditions
• Define an appropriate treatment program for impingement syndrome.
• Identify common risk factors and causes for CTS
• Define tests and examination procedures to diagnose CTS
• List the common conditions important in the differential diagnosis of CTS
• Develop a chiropractic treatment plan for CTS

• Compared and contrast galvanic vestibular stimulation and Tone Burst Vestibular Stimulation in the treatment of the balance impaired patient.
• Apply the polarity specific effects of the anode and cathode on the vestibular system for amelioration of common balance impairments.
• Identify the anatomical location of electrode placement for Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation.
• Create a treatment strategy using Tone Bursts based on physiological pairing of semicircular canals.
• Apply Specific Tone Protocols based on Saccule versus Utricle dysfunction in balance impaired patients.

• Recognize Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) in your chiropractic patients
• Summarize the prevalence in your patient population
• Identify the type of patient that presents with TBI
• Explain why a chiropractor needs to differential diagnose TBI patients
• Compile correlations of TBI inciting factors with your patient presentations
• Demonstrate the pathology that occurs with TBI
• Classify the grades of TBI and discriminate what can be treated conservatively
• Identify the incidence of injuries that commonly cause TBI
• Evaluate the probability of TBI in your patient
• Describe the many different types of evaluations, in the field, in the office and upon referral
• Implement in-office Screening Tools and apply diagnostic criteria
• Identify the risk of post-concussive syndrome
• Detect patients with “Brain Cognitive Reserve”
• Identify Second Impact Syndrome
• Assess the value of MRI
• Identify Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy
• Integrate the current concepts of conservative treatment
• Design Cognitive Rehab
• Provide appropriate patient advice, treatment or referral options

• Define the trophic model
• Describe the pathology of trophic model to your patients
• Apply the trophic model of subluxation into clinical practice
• Detect signs & symptoms that correlate with the trophic model
• Extrapolate the model to patient care, especially maintenance manipulative therapy.

Hour 1

• Identify and recite all components of the neurological examination 
• Outline basic peripheral and central nervous system pathways that are clinically relevant to the bedside (ambulatory) neurological examination.
• Perform an examination of the cranial nerve and somatic motor system, including aspects of strength, tone and volume.

Hour 2

• Perform an examination of the cranial nerve and somatic sensory system, including sensory testing of deep and superficial CNS pathways.
• Perform an examination of the reflex system, including testing of deep, superficial, visceral and pathological reflexes.

Hour 3

• Perform an examination of the movement, balance and coordination systems, including tests of cerebellar function.
• Demonstrate an examination flow and performing tests taking the patient from sitting to standing, to the supine and prone positions.
• Summarize implications of neurological findings for lesions in various parts of the central nervous system.
• Summarize implications of neurological findings for lesions in various parts of the peripheral nervous system.

• Identify the domains of and concepts within motor control
• Outline some research on chiropractic's influence on motor control
• Discuss principles of motor control and rehabilitation applied to practice

• Discuss briefly the relevant brain anatomy and functional neurology with focus on the frontal lobe and motor cortex.
• Describe the anatomy and physiology of the human brain cortex as it relates to the basic tenants of chiropractic and to spinal subluxation.
• Identify key anatomical components of the frontal lobe and motor cortex.
• Discuss some of the pioneers in neuroscience underscoring their individual contributions.
• Draw basic neurological pathways associated with the frontal lobe and motor cortex.
• Relate function of the frontal lobe and motor cortex to various associated disease conditions.

• NOTE:  Recommended to take after Neuro 201-intro and prior to Neuro 201a

• Explore current role of the art and science of clinical neurology for the chiropractor
• Discuss briefly the relevant neurological anatomy and functional neurology
• Describe in detail the anatomy and function of the components of the human skull with attention to aspects which may be important to the chiropractic physician
• Explore the current role of clinical neurology for the practicing chiropractor
• Describe in detail the anatomy and function of the components of the human spine with attention to aspects which may be important to the chiropractic physician

• NOTE:  Recommended to take as first course in 201 series

• Explore current role of the art and science of clinical neurology for the chiropractor
• Discuss relevant neurological anatomy of the spinal cord
• Summarize relevant functional neurology of the spinal cord
• Illustrate the clinical presentation resulting from disease of the various cord areas
• Outline various categories for spinal cord lesions
• Organize findings of spinal cord disease by anatomical location and clinical presentation

• Understand current theories, physiology, and statistics associated with aging
• Identify predisposing lifestyle factors that can cause poor or early aging
• Utilize the gold standard biomarker to assess aging (in addition to other related options)
• Assess which natural anti-aging strategies may be effective for your patients
• Apply new ideas and strategies in contemporary anti-aging science

• Discuss the role of diet in causing and preventing various diseases, particularly chronic diseases.
• Describe methods used to assess nutrition status.
• Explain how dietary recommendations are formulated.
• Incorporate nutritional information into clinical practice and advise patients about eating for optimum health as well as using dietary change as a therapeutic intervention
• Evaluate the benefits and risks of nutritional recommendations for specific health conditions through an analysis of the existing scientific and clinical evidence

Hour 1 - 3

• Discuss the role of diet in causing and preventing various diseases, particularly chronic diseases.
• Describe methods used to assess nutrition status.
• Explain how dietary recommendations are formulated.
• Incorporate nutritional information into clinical practice and advise patients about eating for optimum health as well as using dietary change as a therapeutic intervention
• Evaluate the benefits and risks of nutritional recommendations for specific health conditions through an analysis of the existing scientific and clinical evidence

Hour 4

• Investigate the importance of nutrient deficiencies
• Review the role of essential nutrients in human health
• Analyze the interaction between nutrients and various illnesses
• Ascertain the role herbs have in health and disease
• Understand drug and nutrient interactions

• Investigate the importance of nutrient deficiencies
• Review the role of essential nutrients in human health
• Analyze the interaction between nutrients and various illnesses
• Ascertain the role herbs have in health and disease
• Understand drug and nutrient interactions

• Recognize key nutrition risk factors related to chronic disease
• Collect anthropometric measurements 
• Integrate symptom based questionnaires into nutrition assessment
• Demonstrate a nutrition-focused physical exam
• Perform and Interpret uses of body composition testing
• Interpret basic lab markers relative to nutritional status

• Discuss the epidemiology and current state of the opioid crisis
• Discuss the use of opioids for pain relief
• Discuss the use of manual therapies for chronic pain management of patients during opioid the crisis
• Outline the evidence for manual therapies for chronic pain
• Discuss the use of lifestyle measures in aiding chronic pain sufferers

• Define addiction, and identify the two main categories of addiction.
• List the main addictions of concern in the current addiction crisis.
• Summarize the neurophysiological and pharmacological dynamics of addiction, and appraise the possible solutions of recovery by using this information and delegating it to various medications and herbs (such as CBD oil).
• Outline some of the solutions indicated for addressing the addiction crisis and critique these treatment plans.
• Assess using herbal medicine (CBD oil) for the treatment of opioid and other addictions.

This is a 12 hour course which contains 8 hours of online coursework and 4 hours of live Training for the Oregon CA Training Program. At the end of this online course, we will provide you with the training guide for the 4 hours of live training you will perform with a Licensed Oregon Doctor of Chiropractic. When completed, we will provide access to the post test for the live training and certificate of completion for the 4 hours of live traning (no additional fee).

• Define common terminology used in the Chiropractic office
• Identify terminology associated with specific conditions and their treatment
• Describe locations on the body using appropriate anatomical terminology
• List the major muscle and muscle groups of the body
• Name the regions of the human spine and the parts of the vertebral motion unit
• Define the Problem Oriented Medical Record (POMR).
• Demonstrate taking a complete patient history.
• Define the Evaluation and Management examination for the musculoskeletal system.
• Define Outcome Assessment.
• Illustrate the P.A.R.T. format of documentation.
• Define proper assessment for SOAP notes.
• Discuss proper documentation of treatment performed on each visit.
• Discuss proper documentation of treatment plans.
• Discuss the History of HIPAA
• Understanding Terminology of HIPAA i.e.: PHI, IIHI, NPP, TPO, NPI, EIN, EDI, etc.
• Understand covered entities vs. non-covered entities
• Understand what HIPAA truly means to a practice and does everyone have to comply
• Understand what Electronic Data Interchange (EDI), code sets, identifiers, security and privacy
• Demonstrate the importance of communicating in an ethical manner and what that entails
• Develop an understanding of what 'spin' is, why it is unethical and how to monitor and minimize/stop it
• Evaluate the barriers to effective and ethical communication
• Develop an understanding of exactly what takes place/needs to take place during the provider/client interaction
• Discover what it is that patients want from their visits to a provider
• Appraise how to deal with challenging clients and situations
• Identify the ways which gender affects the Doctor/Patient relationship
• Describe what accounts for the differences, in practice style and patient care, between males and females healthcare providers
• Review sexuality as it relates to the Doctor/Patient relationship
• Define Touch as it relates to perception, gender and culture
• Discuss the giving up of power as it relates to patients and touch
• Recognize the perception, intention, and uses of touch
• Discuss ways to defuse attraction
• Discuss the six factors for a safe practice
• Describe the new partnership between healthcare providers and patients
• Explain how to prepare for a medical emergency
• Outline four emergency medical conditions: Stroke, Heart Attack, Difficulty Breathing, Diabetic Emergencies
• Recognize the causes, symptoms and signs for these emergencies
• Summarize how to provide the appropriate emergency treatments
• Describe the general rules for the application of physical therapy modalities/procedures
• Develop an understanding of the use of cryotherapy and hot moist packs
• Explain the principals of therapeutic ultrasound
• Summarize the types of electrical therapy modalities
• List the contraindications and precautions to the use of electrical therapy
• Recognize the appropriate application of low level laser therapy
• Explain the therapeutic benefits of spinal traction
• List the effects of soft tissue and cross friction massage
• Identify common treatment procedures and modalities used in a chiropractic practice And recognize contraindications to them
• Describe the steps to prepare a patient to have an x-ray examination
• Define the terms Collimation, Filtration and Shielding
• Explain the 10 day rule for taking x-rays of a woman
• Discuss safety measurements when taking x-rays
• Recognize the importance of explaining the x-ray procedure to the patient
• List ways to protect the technician and chiropractic assistant when using x-rays
• Identify the importance of wearing a film badge when near x-ray equipment

• Learn current perspectives on which structures are strongly but variably linked to back pain
• Review the state-of-the art in low back disorders research applied to ergonomics
• Describe workplace design guidelines for asymptomatic and low back pain workers
• Determine the influence of exercise on lumbar spine disorders

• Identify common underlying causes of non-organic pain
• Recognize the eight Waddell signs of non-organic back pain
• Develop a level of knowledge, comprehension, and understanding of the medicolegal system as it relates to Waddell signs
• Encourage development and nurturing of skill sets in utilizing Waddell signs

• Explain the complex multidimensional and individual specific nature of pain
• Present the theories and science for understanding pain
• Define the terminology for describing pain and associated conditions
• Describe the impact of pain on society
• Explain how cultural, institutional, societal and regulatory influences affect assessment and management of pain  
• Use valid and reliable tools for measuring pain and associated symptoms to assess and reassess outcomes as appropriate for the clinical context and population.
• Describe patient, provider, and system factors that can facilitate or interfere with effective pain assessment and management
• Assess patient preferences and values to determine pain-related goals and priorities
• Demonstrate empathetic and compassionate communication during pain assessment

• Demonstrate the inclusion of patient and others, in the education and shared decision-making process for pain care
• Identify treatment options that can be assessed in a comprehensive pain management plan
• Explain how health promotion and self-management strategies are important to the management of pain
• Develop a pain treatment plan based on benefits and risks of available treatments
• Monitor the effects of pain management approaches to adjust the plan of care as needed
• Differentiate physical dependence, substance use disorder, misuse, tolerance, addiction, and nonadherence
• Develop a treatment plan that accounts for the differences between acute pain, acute-on-chronic pain, chronic/persistent pain, and pain at end of life
• Describe the unique pain assessment and management needs of special populations
• Explain how to assess and manage pain across settings and transitions of care
• Describe the role, scope of practice, and contribution of the different professions within a pain management care team
• Implement an individualized pain management plan that integrates the perspectives of patients, their social support systems, and health care providers in the context of available resources
• Describe the role of the clinician as an advocate in assisting patients to meet treatment goals

• Discuss the use of electrotherapy to control pain
• Establish parameters for wobble board rehabilitation of the ankle
• Describe how SI manipulation affects anterior knee pain
• Discuss the use of post-fracture manipulation
• Construct therapeutic exercises for patients with lumbar spinal stenosis

• Develop a basic understanding of muscle function, biomechanics, soft tissue repairs, bone injury and exercise physiology as it applies to the Chiropractic Assistant and the application of physical therapy modalities/procedures
• Develop an understanding of the use of cryotherapy and hot moist packs
• Utilize traction and electrical therapy modalities
• Develop an understanding of the effects of soft tissue massage
• Apply stretch programs to patients
• Discuss spinal exercise programs with the treating doctor
• Learn the applicability of isokinetic testing

• Summarize the types of electrical therapy modalities
• List the contraindications and precautions to the use of electrical therapy
• Recognize the appropriate application of low level laser therapy
• Explain the principals of diathermy

• Discuss the concept of Gender as it relates to society, language and culture
• Identify Gender roles in Western Society
• Recognize innate gender traits in males and females
• Summarize socially imposed gender traits
• Identify aspects of male and female psychological development
• Relate basic concepts of Gender and Power
• List female and male leadership factors
• Discuss gender and the Doctor/Patient relationship
• Identify the ways which gender affects the Doctor/Patient relationship
• Describe what accounts for the differences, in practice style and patient care, between males and females healthcare providers
• Define differing sexualities in western culture
• Review sexuality as it relates to the Doctor/Patient relationship
• Identify misconceptions in personal definitions of male, female, power and sexuality
• Recognize when Power is misused and becomes a threat
• Define Touch as it relates to perception, gender and culture
• Discuss the giving up of power as it relates to patients and touch
• Recognize the perception, intention, and uses of touch
• Perform an analysis of individual conceptions of gender and sexuality

• Perform an exercise to identify personal concepts of touch
• Create practical applications for healthcare practitioners with regard to gender, touch, and sexuality
• Define sexual misconduct
• Recognize the difference between sexual misconduct and sexual harassment
• Critique different models of misconduct
• Describe how misconduct occurs
• Distinguish between different types of offenders
• Give examples of case studies in sexual misconduct
• Identify common fears and misconceptions of sexual misconduct
• Specify important concepts of treated a patient who has a history of abuse
• Define professional boundaries and relate the issue of consent
• Describe the three types of power, the three patterns of power, and how power is used
• Discuss the differences between adherence vs. compliance and transference vs. countertransference
• Identify anatomical risk levels for touch
• Develop safe touch guidelines
• Create a set of office based interventions and patient based interventions in the development of safe practice strategies
• Define educational interventions for safe practice strategies
• Define the basics of the supervision for a safe practice strategy

• Develop and outline for safe practice analysis
• Perform a risk factor analysis
• Execute a healthcare provider questionnaire
• Create a staff evaluation to implement at the office
• Develop and implement a buddy/supervisor evaluation of the healthcare provider and staff
• Develop and implement a patient evaluation of the healthcare provider and staff
• Create a system of analysis for the buddy/supervisor, healthcare provider, staff and patient evaluations
• Develop a plan for change based on the risk factor analysis (RFA) and practice evaluation questionnaires
• Identify areas of improvement for touch, consent, communciation and respect
• Address concerns raised by staff and patients
• Discuss ways to defuse attraction
• Develop guidelines of dealing with a patient who is attracted to you
• Develop guidelines of dealing with feeling an attraction
• Discuss the six factors for a safe practice
• Describe the new partnership between healthcare providers and patients

• Identify how the sciatic nerve and adjacent nervous structures respond to tensioning and sliding techniques
• Appraise the potential benefit of adding forward head posture corrective exercise to the management of lumbosacral radiculopathy
• Compare clinical and muscle function outcomes of patients randomized to one of two early multimodal rehabilitation programs following single-level lumbar discectomy
• Analyze the influence of neck strength and muscle activation status on resultant head kinematics after impulsive loading to the head/neck
• Assess the efficacy of corrective exercise interventions for reducing thoracic hyper-kyphosis

• Evaluate the long-term effect of exercise therapy in addition to patient education on a patient’s need for total hip replacement (THR)
• Integrate clinical and laboratory research on the function and assessment of abductor muscles about the hip and pelvis 
• Understand how hip weakness can potentially contribute to knee pain and altered running mechanics
• Outline the nomenclature, definition, diagnosis, imaging and management of inguinal disruption (‘Sportsman’s Groin’) 
• Assess the efficacy of exercise interventions for lateral ankle sprains, Achilles tendinopathy and plantar fasciitis 

• Describe each of the four elements of malpractice
• Differentiate between a bad treatment result and malpractice
• Define Duty, Dereliction of Duty, Direct causation, and Damage
• Search out a case report on-line or in a law library by using the case citation

• Utilize proper compliant documentation
• Evaluate federal guidelines regarding discounting and/or hardship
• Apply guidelines to ensure accuracy for both active and maintenance treatment

• Analyze charges and documentation on a daily or per visit basis to ensure accuracy and compliance
• Compile accurate and comprehensive responses to documentation or record requests
• Recognize and avoid confusing HIPAA privacy issues that can cost you time and money
• Identify key areas that lack written policies causing increased risk in the practice
• Evaluate your current written procedures and appraise the need for additional content

Hour 1

• Identify various types of billing irregularities and impact on healthcare expenditures.
• Distinguish upcoding from bundling within the context of irregular billing schemes.
• Demonstrate how and when exceeding a state’s scope of practice becomes “the unauthorized practice of medicine.”
• Explain the restrictions states’ scopes of practice place on healthcare providers’ authority to treat and diagnose patients.
• Discuss how invoicing unrendered medical services impacts third-party payers.
• Interpret chiropractic boards’ positions on testimonial advertising and how best to comply.

Hour 2

• Identify what constitute a false claim under the False Claims Act.
• Discriminate a kickback from a self-referral.
• Trace how anti-kickback legislation arose and examine its prohibitions.
• Explain the enactment of Stark legislation arising on the heels of anti-kickback bans.
• Assess providing nutritional counsel within the context of “the practice of medicine.”
• Evaluate identity theft and its impact on patients, providers and the cost of healthcare.
• Discriminate between illegal copayment waivers from proper hardship waivers.
• Discuss court cases instancing successful prosecution of healthcare fraud.

• Understand what social media really is and what it means to your practice
• Identify the benefits and the risks of social media
• Find out what state boards and other governing entities have to say about social media being used in healthcare facilities
• Recognize the boundaries of social media in healthcare
• Learn how to implement an effective and appropriate social media policy to protect the provider, the employees and the patients
• Improve your understanding of the “cloud” along with the benefits and risks of cloud computing
• Apply your knowledge of the cloud as you make decisions and policies for your practice and all content stored or placed onto the cloud

• Identify the 18 PHI Identifiers
• Awareness of other HIPAA related documentation and the appropriate retention period
• How to confirm retention period for healthcare records
• Recognize required security measures and their value to practice risk management
• Implement policy and protocol for compliant and secure disposal of records

• Be able to identify the definitions of Fraud, Waste and Abuse and how they may show up in day-to-day practice
• Become aware of the source of overpayments, including not-medically necessary care, maintenance care, and active treatment
• Apply the guidance from the OIG to your state and carrier regulations since they are a resource to these groups
• Recognize insufficient documentation and incorrect coding before the billing takes place
• Implement the action steps recommended by the OIG to eliminate incorrect documentation, billing and coding practices to reduce compliance risk

• Distinguish between fraud, waste and abuse
• Utilize your Medicare Local Coverage Determination (LCD)
• Describe how a “reactive” approach to compliance with these guidelines may place you risk for penalties, fines, and potential conviction
• Follow critical compliance requirements for minimum, mandatory, annual self-audits and chart reviews
• Detect common billing protocols that are red-flags for third-party auditors and chiropractic boards of examiners

• Assess limits of state, federal and board authority regarding the prohibition of solicitation of patients by, and on behalf of, chiropractors. 
• Explain distinctions between general marketing and intrusive solicitation, and the reasons for the regulation of each
• Demonstrate how the courts protect businesses’ right to advertise and how they discourage deceptive practices. 
• Distinguish between appropriate and inappropriate/illegal marketing relating to fees and professional services. 
• Examine criminal and civil laws associated with overly aggressive chiropractic advertising.

• Explain the anatomy and functionality of healthy soft tissue components
• Explain the effects of injury on soft tissue
• Define effects of injured soft tissue on functionality of the spine and extremities
• Discuss patterns of musculoskeletal relationships of recruiting other structures after injury and their effects on functionality
• Describe various methods of treatment for dysfunctional soft tissue
• Explain relationship of injured tissue to its surrounding structures, its effects and treatment
• Explain compensation and recruitment of healthy tissue to the broader scope of complications and the effective treatment of primary and now secondary effects of injury
• Describe rehabilitation exercises in relation to proprioception

• Explain the types of soft tissue
• Demonstrate and discuss diagnostic evaluation of soft tissue injury
• Explain pain patterns of neurological injury for differential diagnosis
• Discuss types of soft tissue injuries
• Evaluate soft tissue changes associated with pain
• Discuss the mechanisms of healing soft tissue injuries
• Describe diagnostic tools in determining soft tissue injuries
• Explain the use of ice and heat in soft tissue injuries
• Demonstrate and discuss stretching; passive, active and postfacilitation
• Demonstrate and discuss somatic technique
• Demonstrate and discuss strain/counterstrain
• Demonstrate and discuss friction massage
• Demonstrate and discuss Postisometric relaxation
• Demonstrate and discuss electrical muscle stimulation and ultrasound
• Demonstrate and discuss triggerpoint ultrasound in treatment
• Discuss massage therapy
• Demonstrate and discuss myofascial release
• Demonstrate and discuss active release
• Demonstrate and discuss Neuromuscular Therapy (NMT)
• Discuss cold laser therapy
• Demonstrate and discuss exercise rehabilitation and muscle strengthening
• Discuss mobilization and manipulation

• Explain the structural anatomy of the shoulder and its soft tissue
• Explain the functional anatomy of the shoulder and its soft tissue.
• Demonstrate the active and passive examination of the shoulder and soft tissue.
• Describe pathological conditions of the bony structures, joints, ligaments, tendons, bursa and muscles of the shoulder
• Describe sports injures to the shoulder.
• Describe injuries to the nerves, blood vessels and fascia of the shoulder.
• Demonstrate soft tissue treatments for pathological conditions of the bony structures, joints, ligaments, tendons, bursa and muscles of the shoulder.
• Demonstrate soft tissue treatments for the nerves, blood vessels and fascia of the shoulder.
• Define functional relationships of the shoulder with associated regions

• Discuss current diagnostic tests, risk factors and prognostic factors for Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome
• Identify risk factors for hamstring injury and re-injury
• Summarize the association between foot type and incidence of a variety of lower extremity injuries
• Determine if improvements in passive hip ROM and core endurance result in changes in hip and spine motion during the performance of functional movements
• Indicate which clinical tests have the best accuracy in clinical practice for diagnosing stress fractures

• Assess the role for compression and tensile load in typical tendinopathies encountered in clinical practice
• Outline the relationships between biomechanics, tendon pathology and function in individuals with lateral epicondylosis
• Synthesize outcomes and potential mechanisms for loading programs to rehabilitate Achilles and patellar tendinopathy
• Summarize the current state of research literature on tendinopathy
• Apply current research to the in-season management of athletes with tendinopathy

• Describe the biomechanical fundamentals of grip, posture and swing
• Identify golf injuries and golfers’ problems
• Develop protocols of rehab, strength training and adjusting for golfers

• Investigate the anatomical structures strained during the Ober and Modified Ober tests for iliotibial band concerns
• Evaluate the utility of screening tests for predicting injury risk in athletes
• Describe the biomechanics associated with the extensor carpi ulnaris and recognize the variety of pathologies that can affect this structure
• Summarize recommendations for the assessment, diagnosis and management of Femoroacetabular Impingement (FAI)
• Assess whether expert and novice Functional Movement Screen raters can report the same scores

• Understand and differentiate thermal and nonthermal effects of ultrasound
• Understand the effect of ultrasound on tissue repair
• Identify potential hazards to the use of ultrasound
• Identify parameters to the safe use of ultrasound during clinical application
• Identify current trends in the use of ultrasound
• Identify methods for maximizing therapeutic effects of ultrasound and phonophoresis

• List the components of the vital signs
• Cite normal and abnormal pulse rates
• Define Tachycardia, Bradycardia and Arrhythmia
• Recognize factors that can influence heart rate and rhythm
• Identify common locations for palpating the pulse
• Describe the process for determining the pulse
• Outline the chambers of the heart
• Define systole and diastole
• Explain systolic and diastolic pressure
• Describe the procedure for obtaining the blood pressure
• Define hypertension and hypotension
• Recognize the blood pressure categories as define by the American Heart Association
• List causes and risk factors for hypertension and hypotension
• Recognize the ranges for normal body temperature by location
• Describe the procedure for obtaining body temperature, orally, in the ear and over the forehead
• Summarize the accuracy of the body temperature obtained at different locations
• Define fever, hyperthermia and hypothermia
• List causes and risk factors for fever, hyperthermia and hypothermia
• Define respiration rate
• Cite the normal range of respiration rate at different ages
• Define tachypnea and bradypnea
• List causes and risk factors for tachypnea and bradypnea

• Determine the epidemiology, etiology and background on obesity
• Assess the theories of obesity development and pathophysiology
• Outline the risks and morbidities related to obesity

• Outline the management of obesity
• Summarize the assessment of obesity for the busy clinician
• Synthesize the literature on the dietary management of obesity
• Discuss the role of exercise and physical fitness in the management of obesity and overweight

• Outline the principles of body composition assessment
• Review the anthropometic measures of body composition
• Discuss the circumference measurements of body composition
• Assess the laboratory and field assessments of body composition

• Outline the definition and components of health and wellness
• Review the dimensions of wellness
• Discuss various models of health and the need for wellness lifestyles
• Outline the publication and goals of Healthy People 2010

• Identify anatomical structures of the knee involved with anterior knee pain
• Diagnose fat pad and bursitis syndromes
• Establish pathologies of the patellar tendon in adults and children
• Differentiate different causes of patellofemoral pain
• Match clinical syndromes of knee pain with radiological appearances

• Differentiate ossification from calcification
• Identify the categories of ossification
• Differentiate myositis ossificans progressiva from myositis ossificans traumatica
• Discuss imaging utilization with regards to ossification
• Review common and uncommon entities predisposed to ossification or calcification

• Recognize and identify important key factors for interpreting plain film x-rays of the spine and pelvis
• Recognize important medical/legal issues regarding interpreting plain films of the spine and pelvis and be able to apply appropriate radiographic documentation requirements when charting x-ray findings in the medical record
• Identify, analyze and interpret normal and abnormal anatomical osseous structures, common congenital and acquired pathologies, common normal radiographic variants and soft tissue calcifications/structures of the cervical, thoracic, lumbar, lumbosacral spine and pelvis

• Alert your clinical consciousness to prevent complacency
• Explain ways to identify the most common aneurysms clinically and on x-ray in the abdominal aorta, thoracic aorta, and splenic artery
• Differentiate aneurysm from dissection and pseudoaneurysm

• Discuss the fundamental role of trauma in musculoskeletal disease and the various diagnostic imaging techniques used to evaluate it
• Identify, describe, and classify fractures by both direct & indirect radiographic signs
• Review fractures of specific etiologies based upon imaging findings
• Evaluate fracture alignment issues, complications, and healing
• Identify non-accidental injury of childhood, as well as normal structures that mimic fractures

• Use plain film to identify imaging findings of common diabetic foot fractures
• Discuss foot ulcers and using diagnostic imaging to rule out secondary osteomyelitis
• Identify diagnostic imaging findings of neuropathic osteoarthropathy (Charcot foot)

• Explain the clinical presentation, physical examination findings, orthopedic tests, laboratory findings, and radiographic findings associated with ankylosing spondylitis
• Discuss the extraskeletal manifestations of ankylosing spondylitis
• Explain the similarities and differences between the spondyloarthropathies
• Discuss the surgical and pharmacological management
• Discuss treatment that promotes spine mobility including the chiropractic adjustment

• Explain the origin and pathophysiology of gout
• Understand how to prevent and monitor gout
• Examine gout on plain film
• Determine the clinical presentation of gout
• Describe the differences between the crystal arthritides on plain film

• Describe the patients that are at risk for developing osteoarthritis
• Summarize the pathophysiology behind the disease
• Discuss what osteoarthritis looks like on plain film and which joints are most likely affected
• Discuss the use of advanced imaging in osteoarthritis
• Present the research on many conservative treatment options including: physiotherapy, physical therapy/exercise, diet, and acupuncture